Heterodermia obscurata (Nyl.) Trevis.

N. Giorn. Bot. Ital., 1: 114, 1869. Basionym: Physcia speciosa subsp. obscurata Nyl. - Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., 7: 440, 1863.
Synonyms: Anaptychia hypoleuca auct. p.p. non (Muhl.) A. Massal.; Anaptychia obscurata (Nyl.) Vain.; Anaptychia sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) Du Rietz & Lynge; Heterodermia hypoleuca auct. p.p.; Pseudophyscia hypoleuca auct. p.p.
Distribution: N - Ven (Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000), TAA (B-Leg. H. Sipman nr. 8585), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Petrak 1965, Castello & al. 1994, Brunialti & Giordani 2000, 2003, Giordani & al. 2001, 2002, Giordani 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008, Watson 2014, Lich. Ital. Exs. 16: Isocrono & al. 2018). C - Tosc (Loppi & al. 1999a, Laganà & al. 2002, Lorenzini & al. 2003, Loppi & Frati 2006, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Brunialti & al. 2012b, Paoli & al. 2012, Benesperi & al. 2013), Umb (Ravera 2000, Panfili 2000, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1997, Ravera 2001, Massari & Ravera 2002, Stofer 2006, Munzi & al. 2007), Mol (Frati & al. 2004, Caporale & al. 2008, Paoli & al. 2015), Sar (Zedda 2002). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Incerti & Nimis 2006).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, narrow-lobed, often forming more or less orbicular rosettes, 2-4 (-10) cm in diam., adnate, dichotomously to irregularly lobate. Lobes c. 1-2 mm wide, radiating, sparsely divided, discrete, flat to slightly convex, minutely notched, eciliate. Upper surface grey-white, somewhat shiny, usually epruinose with granular soredia arranged in labriform soralia at the tip of lobes, and often with marginal cilia. Upper cortex prosoplectenchymatous; medulla white in upper part, orange-brown in lower part; lower cortex absent. Lower surface felted-arachnoid, rust-colored to orange-brown, the pigment reacting K+ purple, with sparse, black, marginal, simple to squarrosely branched rhizines. Apothecia rare, lecanorine, 1-5 mm across, with a blackish brown disc and an often sorediate thalline margin. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical to subclavate, Lecanora- type. Ascospores l-septate, brown, ellipsoid, 29-35 x 15-19 µm, Pachysporaria-type. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ yellow; medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, the pigmented parts K+ purple. chemistry: cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with atranorin, zeorin, an unidentified terpene and an orange brown pigment in lower part.
Note: a mild-temperate species found on more or less isolated trees, occasionally on epilithic mosses; mainly Tyrrhenian, and also found in urban areas (e.g. at La Spezia). See also note on Polyblastidium subneglectum. The species will be probably transferred to another genus.
Growth form: Foliose, narrow lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare
Humid mediterranean belt: rather common
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[15470], La Reunion, Ilet à Vidot im Cirque de Salazie (Pcknickplatz); 21,06975°S, 55,51416°E, 936 m. Leg. Schumm & Frahm 13.09.2009, det. Schumm 2013



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (16354)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (23341)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (23341)
2008.03.06



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (20257)
2008.03.06


A. Aptroot; Owner: A. Aptroot


A. Aptroot; Owner: A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[15470], La Reunion, Ilet à Vidot im Cirque de Salazie (Pcknickplatz); 21,06975°S, 55,51416°E, 936 m. Leg. Schumm & Frahm 13.09.2009, det. Schumm 2013



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[15470], La Reunion, Ilet à Vidot im Cirque de Salazie (Pcknickplatz); 21,06975°S, 55,51416°E, 936 m. Leg. Schumm & Frahm 13.09.2009, det. Schumm 2013



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[KK19036], Australien, New South Wales, Royal National Park südlich von Sydney. Bola Creek, östlich von Waterfall. In einem temperierten Regenwald. 250 m, 34°08’ S, 151°02’ E. Leg. K. & A. Kalb, 02.08.1988, det. K. Kalb.



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (20257)
2008.03.06



Pier Luigi Nimis
Italy
TSB 41750



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 9319



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 9319


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Texte_H2/Heterodermia_obscurata.htm
France, Casalabria, Laronu, alt. 200m - Corse - (20) - sur écorce de Quercus suber
29/3/2014
subsp. longispora


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Texte_H2/Heterodermia_obscurata.htm
France, Casalabria, Laronu, alt. 200m - Corse - (20) - sur écorce de Quercus suber
29/3/2014
subsp. longispora


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Texte_H2/Heterodermia_obscurata.htm
France, Casalabria, Laronu, alt. 200m - Corse - (20) - sur écorce de Quercus suber
29/3/2014
subsp. longispora


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Texte_H2/Heterodermia_obscurata.htm
France, Casalabria, Laronu, alt. 200m - Corse - (20) - sur écorce de Quercus suber
29/3/2014
subsp. longispora


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Texte_H2/Heterodermia_obscurata.htm
France, Casalabria, Laronu, alt. 200m - Corse - (20) - sur écorce de Quercus suber
29/3/2014
subsp. longispora


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
immature asci


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
immature asci


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1079&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
immature asci