Paralecanographa grumulosa (Dufour) Ertz & Tehler

Fungal Divers., 49: 57, 2011. Basionym: Opegrapha grumulosa Dufour - J. Phys. Chém. Hist. Nat., 87: 214, 1813.
Synonyms: Chiodecton spilocarpum Nyl.; Ingaderia troglodytica Feige & Lumbsch; Lecanactis dilleniana var. monstrosa (Bagl.) Jatta; Lecanactis dilleniana var. subfumosa (Jatta) Jatta; Lecanactis grumulosa (Dufour) Fr.; Lecanactis grumulosa var. monstrosa (Bagl.) Grummann; Lecanactis hemisphaerica J.R. Laundon; Lecanactis monstrosa Bagl.; Lecanactis nothiza (Nyl.) P. James; Lecanactis pictonica (Nyl.) H. Olivier; Lecanographa grumulosa (Dufour) Egea & Torrente; Opegrapha cavernicola Llimona & Werner; Opegrapha diaphoroides Nyl. non auct.; Opegrapha dirinaria (Nyl.) Nyl.; Opegrapha grumulosa var. dirinaria Nyl.; Opegrapha grumulosa var. platycarpa Nyl.; Opegrapha platycarpa (Nyl.) Nyl.
Distribution: N - Ven (Brackel 2016), Lomb (Brackel 2016), Lig (Brackel 2016). C - Tosc (Benesperi & al. 2006b, Brackel 2016), Laz (Brackel 2016), Sar (Monte 1993, Feige & Lumbsch 1993, Brackel 2016). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Garofalo & al. 2010, Brackel 2016), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Brackel 2016), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Brackel 2016), Si (Vezda Lich.Rar.Exs. 65, Feige & Lumbsch 1993, Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, 2011, Lich. Graec 9: Obermayer 1995, Gianguzzi & al. 2009, Grillo & al. 2009b, Hafellner 2009, Brackel 2016).
Description: Thallus of two types: 1) crustose, episubstratic, usually thick, continuous to rimose-areolate, chalky-white to grey-white or pale brownish grey, farinose, often delimited by a dark prothallus (some forms may are clearly parasitic on lichens with Trentepohlia, and have an inapparent thallus), 2) fruticose, pendent to suberect, grey, often faintly white-pruinose, consisting of very fragile, flattened, usually sterile, 0.1-10 mm wide and up to several cm long, strap-shaped laciniae with a cortex of periclinally arranged hyphae and a very poorly developed medulla. Medulla usually thick in crustose forms, chalky-white, I-. Apothecia at first immersed, then sessile, of widely different shapes, round and 0.2-1.5 mm across, angular, or clearly lirelliform and then to 3 mm long, mostly irregularly substellate, with a flat to convex, often white- or bluish-pruinose, sometimes umbonate disc and a thin, often prominent, rarely finally excluded, black to grey-pruinose, more or less wavy proper margin. Proper exciple dark brown, K-; epithecium colourless to dark brown, thin, K+ greenish; hymenium colourless, 50-90 µm high, I+ pale reddish; paraphysoids branched and anastomosing, up to 2(-2.5) µm thick, the apical cells swollen and 3-4.5 µm thick, with a granular external brown pigmentation; hypothecium dark brown, K+ pale green. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, thick-walled and fissitunicate, with a thin K/I+ pale blue tholus and a small ocular chamber with an inconspicuous amyloid ring. Ascospores 2-5-septate and slightly constricted at the central septa, hyaline (overmature spores pale brown), straight to slightly curved, ellipsoid to cylindrical-fusiform, the central cells larger, 12-23 x 3-4(-5) µm, with a thin gelatinous sheath. Photobiont trentepohlioid (but this might be the photobiont of the host, and the species could be not lichenized). Spot tests: thallus and apothecial pruina K-, C+ red, KC+ red, P-, UV-. Chemistry: gyrophoric and lecanoric acids, and erythrin.
Note: on steeply inclined to rain-sheltered surfaces of more or less calcareous cliffs subject to humid maritime winds in rather shaded situations, starting as a lichenicolous fungus, later probably developing an own thallus. It sometimes forms long, fruticose outgrowths which look like a different lichen, previously called Ingaderia troglodytica (see Erzt & Tehler 2011).
Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus
Substrata: rocks
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
In underhangs rarely wetted by rain
paras Dirina and Roccella
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very common
Dry mediterranean belt: rather common

pH of the substrata:

12345

Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

0123

Altitudinal distribution:

123456


Predictive model
Herbarium samples


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 8230



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (17022)
2001/12/12



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38248)
2008.02.25



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38248)
2008.02.25



Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69721], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella tinctoria (cortex C-, soredia C+ red), on Basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. A. Aptroot



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL-69723A], Madeira, São Vicente , 36°32’ N, 3°09’ E, alt. 50 m, parasitic on Roccella phycopsis (cortex C+ red, soralia C-, holdfast with yellow hyphae), on basalt. Leg. Aptroot 05.06.2011, det. Apütroot 2013.



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 17143



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (17022)
2001/12/12



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38256



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38256


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_3/Paralecanographa_grumulosa.htm
France, mars 2014 et mars 2016 - Bonifacio - Corse


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1005&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
parasitic on Llimoniaea sorediata


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1005&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
parasitic on Llimoniaea sorediata


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1005&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
parasitic on Llimoniaea sorediata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=936&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. sorediata


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=936&lang=en
France, Narbonne Abbaye de Fontfroide
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. sorediata


Michel David- Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Michel David- Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Michel David- Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1404&lang=en
Spain, Baleares, Menorca, Punta Grossa
parasitic on Dirina massiliensis f. massiliensis


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1279&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
forme libre atlantique


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1280&lang=en
France, Roscanvel
parasitic on Diploicia subcanescens


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=232&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=576&lang=en
France, Camaret, mur de chapelle
f. hemisphaerica