ITALIC 7.0

Biatora subgilva (Arnold) Hinter.

Bibl. Lichenol., 55: 112, 1994. Basionym: Biatora vernalis var. subgilva Arnold - Verh. K. K. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 46: 141, 1896.

Synonyms: Biatora vernalis f. subgilva (Arnold) Arnold; Lecidea vernalis f. subgilva (Arnold) Zahlbr.

Distribution: N - Frl.

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, grey-brown to green-brown, coarsely granular to warted, sometimes partially rimose, consisting of 0.15-0.5 mm wide areoles, or reduced to a few granules around the apothecia. Medulla white, I+ pale blue. Apothecia biatorine, 0.2-0.4 mm across, rounded to irregular in outline, isolated or clustered, broadly adnate, with a pale ochre to orange-brown, sometimes faintly pruinose, convex disc, and a paler, thin, soon excluded proper margin. Proper exciple poorly developed, colourless to pale yellow, of radiating hyphae, the outer part I+ blue or pale violet, inspersed with numerous small crystals soluble in K but not in N, usually arranged in thin vertical lines; epithecium orange-brown to brown, with a finely granulose epipsamma, c. 10 μm high; hymenium colourless to pale brown, 40-60 μm high, I+ blue turning red-brown; paraphyses branched, the apical cells not or only slightly swollen, 2-3.5 μm wide; hypothecium colourless, usually without crystals, 50-80 μm high. Asci 8-spored, clavate, with a K/I+ blue apical dome penetrated by a narrow, K/I– apical cushion surrounded by a narrow, deeply K/I+ blue zone, the wall K/I- but surrounded by an I+ red-brown, K/I+ blue outer layer, the ocular chamber relatively small, Biatora-type. Ascospores 1-celled (rarely 1-septate), hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid to irregular in outline (often tapering at one end), of very different sizes, 9-20(-37) x 2.5-3.5(-5) μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ yellowish, C+ pale yellow, KC+ pale yellow, P-. Chemistry: thallus with usnic and isousnic acids.

Note: on old, decaying branches and stems of Rhododendron ferrugineum in siliceous areas of the subalpine belt; most of the records of this very rare, little-known, but well-distinguished species are from Austria, but near the Italian border (see Printzen 1995).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: very rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: absent

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

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4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF