Blastenia herbidella (Hue) Servít

Hedwigia, 74: 148, 1934. Basionym: Lecidea caesiorufa f. herbidella Nyl. ex Hue - Nouv. Arch. Mus., sér. 5, 3: 151, 1913.
Synonyms: Caloplaca caesiorufa auct. ital. p.p; Caloplaca herbidella (Hue) H. Magn.
Distribution: N - VG (Castello 1996), Frl, Ven (Lazzarin 1997, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2002, 2003c, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008c, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & Marini 2007, Vondrák & al. 2020), TAA (Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000b, Caniglia & al. 2002, Nascimbene 2003, 2005b, 2006b, 2006c, 2013, 2014, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2006e, 2007b, 2008b, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2022, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Arup & Åkelius 2009, Obermayer 2011, Nimis & al. 2015, Vondrák & al. 2020), Lomb (Dalle Vedove & al. 2004, Ravera & al. 2021c), Piem, VA (Matteucci & al. 2008, Obermayer 2023), Emil (Gasparo & Tretiach 1996, Nimis & al. 1996, Tretiach & al. 2008, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi 1996, 1996b, Loppi & De Dominicis 1996, Loppi & al. 1997, 1999a, Putortì & Loppi 1999b, Loppi & Frati 2006, Benesperi & al. 2007, Benesperi 2011, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Frati & al. 2004, Frati & Brunialti 2006), Umb (Ravera 1998, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1997, Ravera 2001, 2002, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ruisi & al. 2005), Abr (Stofer 2006, Corona & al. 2016, Di Nuzzo & al. 2021, Vallese & al. 2022), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008, Ravera & al. 2010), Sar (Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Zedda & Sipman 2001, Arup & Åkelius 2009, Rizzi & al. 2011, Cossu 2013, Neuwirth 2018, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2003, 2003b, 2011, Garofalo & al. 2010, Blasi & al. 2010, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013, Catalano & al. 2016), Bas (Puntillo & al. 2012), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Arup & Åkelius 2009), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Grillo 1996, Arup & Åkelius 2009).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, white-grey to grey, very rarely yellowish, usually <100 μm thick, continuous, covered in pale to dark grey (occasionally orange at tips), cylindrical to coralloid, rarely granular, 60-160 μm thick and up to 600 μm tall blastidia/isidia. Apothecia biatorine/zeorine, rather frequent, 0.7-1.2 mm across, adnate to sessile, round to irregular, orange to rust-orange-red, with a concave to strongly convex disc and a concolorous, slightly raised proper margin. Proper exciple prosoplectenchymatous; epithecium orange, granular, K+ red; hymenium colourless, not inspersed with oil droplets; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched and anastomosing, 1.5-3 μm thick in lower part, the apical cells usually wider; hypothecium colourless, often with oil droplets. Asci 8-spored, clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid (9.5-)10-15(-17) x (4.5-)5.5-7.5(-8) μm, the equatorial thickening (“septum”) 3-4.5(-5) μm. Pycnidia often abundant, immersed, slightly raised, with an orange-red ostiole. Conidia bacilliform to narrowly ellipsoid, 3-5 x 0.8-1.5 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-; apothecia K+ red. Chemistry: non-chlorinated anthraquinones in apothecial disc, chlorinated anthraquinones in exciple; thallus without anthraquinones or rarely yellow with anthraquinones; Cinereorufa-green pigment usually absent or in traces, but often detectable in tips of isidia/blastidia.
Note: a species found on bark, especially on basal parts of trunks, more rarely on lignum, with optimum in the submediterranean and montane belts. Populations from Southern Italy found in the Mediterranean zone (e.g. on Olea and Juniperus) could prove to belong to B. coralliza, those from the subalpine belt of the Alps probably refer to B. monticola (but the species does occur in the Alps up to the montane belt). According to Vondrák & al. (2020) this species has a broadly Mediterranean distribution (but is usually absent in eu-Mediterranean vegetation), and is absent from America, with the easternmost limit in the Caucasus. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Near-threatened” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark and lignum
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Courtesy: Olivier et Danièle Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Textes_B3/Blastenia_herbidella.htm
France, Combre Chaulange, Villars-de-Lans - Isère
18/9/2015



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9195)
2001/11/13



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (818)
2008.03.03


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. Vezda. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. Vezda. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm; Owner: Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. . Vezda - VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19589], U.R.S.S. Transcaucasica, Georgia, Distr. Chokhautari, montes Meskhedsi khrebet, in declivibus septentr. montis Sacornia, alt. 2000- 2400 m, ad corticem Abies. Leg. V. Vašák, 20.07.1980, det. A. Vezda. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1813.



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37177



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37178


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Jan Vondrak - Source:https://botanika.prf.jcu.cz/lichenology/index.php?pg=8&cat=32&idx=2052


Courtesy: Olivier et Danièle Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Textes_B3/Blastenia_herbidella.htm
France, Combre Chaulange, Villars-de-Lans - Isère
18/9/2015


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Courtesy: Olivier et Danièle Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Textes_B3/Blastenia_herbidella.htm
France, Combre Chaulange, Villars-de-Lans - Isère
18/9/2015


Courtesy: Olivier et Danièle Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Textes_B3/Blastenia_herbidella.htm
France, Combre Chaulange, Villars-de-Lans - Isère
18/9/2015


Courtesy: Olivier et Danièle Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_B/Textes_B3/Blastenia_herbidella.htm
France, Combre Chaulange, Villars-de-Lans - Isère
18/9/2015