ITALIC 7.0

Lemmopsis arnoldiana (Hepp) Zahlbr.

in Engler & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam., 1: 171, 1906. Basionym: Physma arnoldianum Hepp in Arnold - Flora, 41: 94, 1858.

Synonyms: Lemmopsis fulvida (Harm.) Lettau; Leptogium fulvidum Harm.; Psorotichia arnoldiana (Hepp) Körb.; Pyrenocarpon arnoldianum (Hepp) Trevis.

Distribution: N - Lig.

Description: Thallus crustose, homoiomerous, gelatinous when wet, brown, brown-black or black, areolate to granulose. Areoles 0.25-0.5 mm wide, angular to irregular in outline, paraplectenchymatous throughout, attached by rhizohyphae. Apothecia hemiangiocarpic, the ascogonia arising in a tangle of generative hyphae beneath the thallus surface, zeorine, sessile, up to 0.7 mm across, urceolate and almost perithecioid, with a pore-like, flat, dark red-brown disc, a golden yellow, prominent parathecial ring, and a thin, often soon excluded thalline margin. Proper exciple up to 50 μm wide, of interwoven, gelatinized hyphae, golden yellow to reddish brown in upper part, colourless in lower part; epithecium reddish brown; hymenium colourless, 100-120 μm high, I+ blue, K/I+ blue; paraphyses slender, coherent, branched and anastomosing, the apical cells 3-5 μm wide; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, thin-walled, the outer layer K/I+ blue. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 13-25 x 8-12 μm, thin-walled. Pycnidia immersed, globose. Conidia ellipsoid, 3-4 x c. 1.5 μm. Photobiont cyanobacterial, the cells in clusters, surrounded by a yellowish brown (in peripheral parts) to colourless (in inner parts) gelatinous sheath. Spot tests K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: on calcareous pebbles in shaded woodland floors and crevices in rocky quarries, sometimes on mortar; in Italy the species is known from a single station in Liguria, but perhaps was overlooked and is somehow more frequent in Tyrrhenian Italy, albeit certainly not common.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: cyanobacteria, coccaceous (e.g. Gloeocapsa)

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: absent

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: very rare

Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

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3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Matthias Schultz –Source: https://lichenportal.org/cnalh/taxa/index.php?taxon=55767&clid=1184