Cladonia squamosa Hoffm. var. squamosa

Deutschl. Fl., 2: 125, 1796.
Synonyms: Cenomyce cucullata Delise; Cladonia squamosa var. muricella (Delise) Vain.; Cladonia squamosa var. phyllocoma Rabenh.; Cladonia squamosa var. polychonia Flörke
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000), Ven (Nimis 1994, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003c), TAA (Caniglia & al. 2002, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2005b, 2006, 2007b, 2008c, 2022, Nascimbene 2006c, 2008b, Watson 2014, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996, Zocchi & al. 1997, Roella 1999, Furlanetto 2010, Gheza & al. 2015, 2022, Gheza 2015, 2019, 2019b, 2022b), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, Furlanetto 2010, Gheza 2015), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig. C - Tosc (Benesperi & al. 2007, Benesperi 2011, Pasquinelli & al. 2009, 2013, Brackel 2015), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Umb (Panfili 2000, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz, Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Vallese & al. 2022), Sar (Brackel & Berger 2019). S - Camp, Pugl, Bas (Potenza 2006, Potenza & al. 2010), Si (Grasso & al. 1999).
Description: Primary thallus squamulose, persistent or rarely disappearing, the squamules indented, 2-10 mm long, grey green above, white beneath, esorediate but sometimes granulose on the lower surface. Podetia extremely variable in shape and size, hollow inside, greenish grey to brown, not melanotic at base, 3-7(-14) cm tall, 0.5-2(-5) mm thick, simple or sparingly branched with open axils, usually expanded in upper parts to form gaping funnels which may proliferate radially, the surface often largely ecorticate exposing the stereome, more or less densely covered with microsquamules, squamules and granules, esorediate. Apothecia infrequent, brown, convex, located at the top of podetia or at the margin of funnels, often clustered. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thickened at apex, with a K/I+ blue tholus and a K/I+ strongly blue outer gelatinous sheath, Cladonia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid. Pycnidia dark, semi-immersed on podetial tips, rarely on basal squamules, with a red or colourless jelly. Conidia hyaline, curved. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV+ white. Chemistry: squamatic acid and variable amounts of barbatic acid (especially when fertile).
Note: a widespread holarctic lichen found on organic substrata in sheltered situations, rarely on bark, on basal parts of trunks; a very polymorphic taxon, which needs further study. Older records reported by Nimis (1993: 244) require confirmation.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: lignum, soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (15487)
2001/12/04



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (15487)
2001/12/04
detail of cortex


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
originally as Cladonia squamosa


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)


Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[427], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, bei der Herrenmühle unterhalb Kloster Adelberg, Stubensandsteingebiet. Leg. et det. Schumm 30.03.1963, test. Klement 1967.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[427], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, bei der Herrenmühle unterhalb Kloster Adelberg, Stubensandsteingebiet. Leg. et det. Schumm 30.03.1963, test. Klement 1967.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[11332], Portugal, Madeira, Posto Florestal do Fanal zwischen Paúl da Serra und Ribeira da Janela; 32°48.545' N, 17°08.489' W, 1175 m; an alten bemoosten Laubbäumen. Leg. et det. Schumm 26.12.2003.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[11332], Portugal, Madeira, Posto Florestal do Fanal zwischen Paúl da Serra und Ribeira da Janela; 32°48.545' N, 17°08.489' W, 1175 m; an alten bemoosten Laubbäumen. Leg. et det. Schumm 26.12.2003.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[11332], Portugal, Madeira, Posto Florestal do Fanal zwischen Paúl da Serra und Ribeira da Janela; 32°48.545' N, 17°08.489' W, 1175 m; an alten bemoosten Laubbäumen. Leg. et det. Schumm 26.12.2003.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[11332], Portugal, Madeira, Posto Florestal do Fanal zwischen Paúl da Serra und Ribeira da Janela; 32°48.545' N, 17°08.489' W, 1175 m; an alten bemoosten Laubbäumen. Leg. et det. Schumm 26.12.2003.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[11332], Portugal, Madeira, Posto Florestal do Fanal zwischen Paúl da Serra und Ribeira da Janela; 32°48.545' N, 17°08.489' W, 1175 m; an alten bemoosten Laubbäumen. Leg. et det. Schumm 26.12.2003.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[3152], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald, nördlich von Beihingen westlich von Nagold, ca. 600 m, TK; 7417, leg. et det. F. Schumm 16.02.1988



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[3152], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald, nördlich von Beihingen westlich von Nagold, ca. 600 m, TK; 7417, leg. et det. F. Schumm 16.02.1988



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[3152], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald, nördlich von Beihingen westlich von Nagold, ca. 600 m, TK; 7417, leg. et det. F. Schumm 16.02.1988,
sq: squamatic acid


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Huelgoat


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Forêt du Cranou


Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Forêt du Cranou


Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Forêt du Cranou


Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=411&lang=en
France, Forêt du Cranou


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Huelgoat
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Commana
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Commana
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Commana
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Commana
form with brown interior of podetia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1356&lang=en
France, Commana
form with brown interior of podetia