Lepra melanochlora (DC.) Hafellner

Lepra melanochlora (DC.) Hafellner

in Hafellner & Türk, Stapfia, 104: 172, 2016. Basionym: Isidium melanochlorum DC. in Lamarck & de Candolle - Fl. Franç., 3 éd., 2: 326, 1805.

Synonyms: Pertusaria melanochlora (DC.) Nyl.

Distribution: C - Tosc, Laz (Tretiach 2004), Sar (Monte 1993).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, 1-3 mm thick, continuous to rimose or indistinctly areolate, grey to dark grey, often concentrically zoned at margins, forming up to 12 cm wide patches, densely covered with isidia-like, 2-3 mm long, 0.5-1.5(-2) mm wide, simple or sparingly branched papillae with eroded, whitish, rarely sparingly sorediate, flat to concave tips. Apothecia rare, immersed in 2-4 mm wide fertile papillae, 1-5 per papilla, with an initially punctiform, then expanded, 1.5-2 mm wide, black but often white-pruinose disc and a prominent, wrinkled thalline margin. Epithecium dark brown, K-; hymenium colourless, 250-350 µm high; paraphyses sparingly branched, 1.5-2 µm thick; hypothecium colourless. Asci 1-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex without a distinct ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I–, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 180-260(-300) x 70-150(-200) µm, the wall c. 20 µm thick, smooth. Pycnidia black, immersed. Conidia cylindrical, 4-5 µm long. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K+ yellowish brown, C-, KC+ fleeting magenta, P+ orange-red, UV-; medulla with a strongly bitter taste. Chemistry: picrolichenic and protocetraric acids.

Note: a probably Mediterranean-Atlantic, very poorly known and often misunderstood taxon (e.g. confused with L. mammosa), found on compact siliceous rocks, usually below the montane belt. Several earlier records reported by Nimis (1993: 516) are not accepted here.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Poorly known taxon in need of further study

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: absent

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid mediterranean belt: very rare

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0 [17240], Brazil. São Paulo. Praia de Peruibe near Itanhaém, in a dense mangrove forest on Laguncularia racemosa, 2 m, 24°10' S, 46°50' W. Leg. K. Kalb 24.02.1978 (Nr. 37602), det. K. Kalb. Dupl. ex Herbario Klaus Kalb. TSB 20878

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0 [17240], Brazil. São Paulo. Praia de Peruibe near Itanhaém, in a dense mangrove forest on Laguncularia racemosa, 2 m, 24°10' S, 46°50' W. Leg. K. Kalb 24.02.1978 (Nr. 37602), det. K. Kalb. Dupl. ex Herbario Klaus Kalb.

TSB 20878

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Commana

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Menez-Meur

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Menez-Meur

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Menez-Meur

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1190&lang=en

France, Roc'h Glaz

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