Hymenelia coerulea A. Massal.

Symmicta Lich.: 25, 1855.

Synonyms: Aspicilia coerulea (A. Massal.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Hymenelia hiascens A. Massal.; Hymenelia prevostii var. coerulescens Kremp.; Lecanora cantiana (Garov.) Zahlbr.; Lecanora coerulea (A. Massal.) Nyl.; Lecanora pseudocoerulea Zahlbr.; Manzonia cantiana Garov.

Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 3751), Ven (Nascimbene & Marini 2007), TAA (Nascimbene 2008b, Spitale & Nascimbene 2012), Lomb. C - Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999).

Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic, continuous to very finely cracked, pale blue when dry, blue when wet, usually well-delimited, sometimes with a thin whitish prothallus. Apothecia 0.2-0.4 mm across, immersed in the thallus and in the rock, with a bluegrey to black, epruinose disc and a soon excluded proper margin. Epithecium blue, N+ purple-red, K-; hymenium pale blue; paraphyses mostly simple, moniliform in upper part, not swollen at apex; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, the outer coat I+ blue, but the inner walls and apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 6-15 x 5-11 µm, often poorly developed. Photobiont chlorococcoid (Asterochloris), the cells <15 µm wide. Spot tests: thallus K, C-, KC-, P-, UV-; pigmented parts of thallus N+ purple. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: on steeply inclined surfaces of hard calciferous rocks, including moderately dolomitic, hard limestone; certainly widespread and locally abundant throughout the Alps, with optimum in the montane and subalpine belts; the record from Abruzzo is the southernmost known in Italy. The records from Campania by Aprile & al. (2003b) are from low altitudes, and appear dubious to me.

Growth form: Crustose endolithic

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: extremely common

Subalpine belt: rather rare

Oromediterranean belt: very rare

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

Solar irradiation:

Aridity:

Eutrophication:

Poleotolerance:

Altitudinal distribution:

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 43812

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Mt. Adamello (Alps), Italy
2006

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Mt. Adamello (Alps), Italy
2006

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 43812

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 41570

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 41570

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 43812

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 43812

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 23712

P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0

TSB 43812

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0

Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 38055

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37310

Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 37311

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 38055

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 37311

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hymenelia_coerulea.htm

France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hymenelia_coerulea.htm

France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère

LITERATURE

Garovaglio,S (1866) Manzonia Cantiana, novum lichenum angiocarporum genus proposirum atque descriptum. Mem. soc. ital. Sci. Nat.

Renobales, G/ Barreno, E (1989) Nuevas aportaciones a la flora liquenica calcicola del Pais Vasco y Cantabria (Norte de Espana) [New contributions to the calcicolous lichen flora of the Basque Country and Cantabria (northern Spain)]. Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid

B. Weber, C. Scherr, H. Reichenberger and B. Budel (2007) Fast reactivation by high air humidity and photosynthetic performance of alpine lichens growing endolithically in limestone. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

ITALIC 7.0