ITALIC 7.0

Lempholemma chalazanum (Ach.) B. de Lesd.

Recher. Lich. Dunkerque: 261, 1910. Basionym: Collema chalazanum Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 630, 1810.

Synonyms: Lempholemma franconicum (A. Massal.) Schwend.; Physma chalazanum (Ach.) Arnold; Physma franconicum A. Massal.

Distribution: N - VG, Ven, Piem. C - Tosc.

Description: Thallus subcrustose, membranous, rather loosely attached, homoiomerous, gelatinous when wet, dark greenish brown when wet, black to bluish black when dry, granular-nodulose throughout or with poorly developed marginal lobes, up to 2 cm in diam. Apothecia (pycnoascocarps) frequent, lecanorine, laminal, semi-immersed, rounded, 0.2-0.5 mm across, with a brown, concave to flat, smooth, initially pore-like disc, and a thick thalline margin. Proper exciple very thin, of parallel hyphae; epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless, the hymenium I+ reddish brown, K/I+ blue; paraphyses mostly simple, not apically thickened, adglutinated. Asci 8-spored, prototunicate, cylindrical, without a distinct apical apparatus. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, 20-33 x 9-15 μm, with a gelatinous perispore which dissolves in K. Pycnidia dark, laminal, immersed, pyriform. Conidia bacilliform, 2-3 x 1-1.5 μm. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, in chains). Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a mainly temperate lichen found on soil in open dry grasslands, sometimes overgrowing bryophytes and plant debris, but also on walls, probably overlooked and perhaps more widespread.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: rare

Humid mediterranean belt: rare

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

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5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

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5

(info)

Aridity:

1

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5

(info)

Eutrophication:

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5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

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3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

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6

(info)

Predictive model