Porpidia crustulata (Ach.) Hertel & Knoph
in Hertel, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 79: 435, 1984. Basionym: Lecidea parasema var. crustulata Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 176, 1810.
Synonyms: Biatora crustulata (Ach.) Hepp; Haplocarpon crustulatum (Ach.) M. Choisy; Huilia crustulata (Ach.) Hertel; Lecidea chrysoteichiza Nyl.; Lecidea crustulata (Ach.) Spreng.; Lecidea crustulata f. ferruginea Kremp.; Lecidea crustulata f. martinatiana (A. Massal.) Arnold; Lecidea martinatiana A. Massal.; Lecidea martinatiana var. coerulescens A. Massal.; Lecidea meiospora f. oxydata Kernst.; Lecidea nitidula Fr.; Lecidea scutellata Walt. Watson; Lecidea umensis H. Magn.
Distribution: N - VG, Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000), Ven (Lazzarin 2000b), TAA (Nascimbene 2003, 2005b, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (De Vita & Valcuvia 2004), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Giordani & al. 2014, Favero-Longo & al. 2015), VA (Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999, Valcuvia 2000, Piervittori & al. 2004, Isocrono & al. 2008, Favero-Longo & Piervittori 2009, Matteucci & al. 2015c), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Giordani & al. 2016, Ravera & al. 2022). C - Tosc (Brackel 2015), Laz, Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2015), Sar (Rizzi & al. 2011, Giordani & al. 2013). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Pugl, Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004), Si (Nimis & al. 1996b, Grillo 1998, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Merlo 2004b).
Description: Thallus crustose, endolithic or thinly epilithic, continuous to rimose-areolate, white, yellowish white, or pale grey, rarely ochre-coloured, sometimes delimited by a dark prothallus. Medulla white, I-. Apothecia lecideine, more or less round, sometimes clustered, slightly constricted at base, 0.3-0.6(-1) mm across, with a black, slightly concave to convex, usually epruinose disc, and a more or less persistent, usually entire, thin (0.07-0.17 mm wide), barely raised proper margin. Proper exciple black to dark brown in outer part, pale brown and K+ yellow (rarely K-) within, with 4-8 µm wide hyphae; epithecium brown or olivaceous brown; hymenium colourless, 70-90 µm high, I+ blue; paraphyses weakly branched and anastomosing; hypothecium pale to usually dark brown. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, with a thin, outer amyloid layer and a thickened tholus penetrated by a pore, the sides of which stain I/KI+ deep blue, Porpidia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 10-18(-20) x 5-9.5 µm, not halonate. Pycnidia immersed. Conidia hyaline, bacilliform, 9-14 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P- or P+ orange. Chemistry: stictic acid (major), constictic, norstictic and cryptostictic acids (all minor or trace), or no lichen substances. Note: a widespread, holarctic early coloniser of siliceous pebbles and small stones on the ground, with a wide altitudinal range; rare only in the driest parts of Mediterranean Italy and in the Po-plain, but common elsewhere. The distinction from P. macrocarpa is still an open problem.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rather common
Subalpine belt: very common
Oromediterranean belt: common
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid mediterranean belt: rather rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41302
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42164
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42164
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Austria, Zirbitz
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Austria, Zirbitz
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Tony Robinet - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Bannalec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Morgat
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14057)
2001/11/29
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Giessen.
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Giessen.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: rather common
Subalpine belt: very common
Oromediterranean belt: common
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid mediterranean belt: rather rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41302
Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17271], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, zwischen Villingen und Stockburg, ca. 3 km NW von Villingen, 40.071988° N, 8.419199° E, 740 m, TK 7916. An Granitsteinen in Bodennähe. Leg. et det. Schumm 03.06.2011
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42164
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42164
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Austria, Zirbitz
Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
Austria, Zirbitz
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_4/Porpidia_crustulata.htm
France
Tony Robinet - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Bannalec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Crozon
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Morgat
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14057)
2001/11/29
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=415&lang=en
France, Ardennes
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Giessen.
