Protoblastenia calva (Dicks.) Zahlbr.

Cat. Lich. Univ., 7: 1, 1930. Basionym: Lichen calvus Dicks. - Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit., 2: 18, 1790.
Synonyms: Blastenia rupestris var. calva (Dicks.) Lettau; Placodium rupestre var. calvum (Dicks.) A.L. Sm.; Protoblastenia rupestris var. calva (Dicks.) J. Steiner
Distribution: N - VG (Crisafulli & al. 2006, Piervittori & al. 2006), Frl, Ven (Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003c, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008c, Nascimbene & Marini 2007), TAA (Kainz & Rambold 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2022, Nascimbene 2008b), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Giordani & al. 2016). C - Tosc (Benesperi 2006, 2007b, Tretiach & al. 2008), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Umb (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2016), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Caporale & al. 2008, Genovesi & Ravera 2014), Sar. S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Garofalo & al. 2010), Pugl, Bas, Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Grillo & al. 2007).
Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic to (rarely) thinly episubstratic, continuous to finely rimose, primarily white, sometimes appearing grey due to cyanobacterial films. Apothecia orange, 0,7-2(-3) mm across, sessile, not or only slightly constricted at base, not in pits when mature, protruding from the rock, yellow orange to orange-red, soon strongly convex and immarginate, the disc smooth and sometimes somewhat shiny. Proper exciple thin, colourless to yellowish, patchily pigmented; epithecium orange-brown, c. 10 µm high, with granular crystals reacting K+ red; hymenium colourless to pale yellow, 85-135 µm high, hemiamyloid; paraphyses coherent, sparingly branched and anastomosing, 2-4 µm thick, the apical cells slightly swollen, 2.5-5 µm wide; hypothecium orange to pale yellow, patchily pigmented. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, with a thin, outer amyloid layer and a thickened tholus penetrated by a tube, the sides of which stain I/KI+ deep blue, Porpidia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid, (8-)10-14(-16) x 5-8.5(-10) µm, without a distinct perispore. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-; apothecia K+ red. Chemistry: apothecia with anthraquinones, mainly parietin.
Note: on steeply inclined faces of hard limestones and dolomite, with a wide altitudinal range but most common in the mountains, from the Alps to Sicily, descending to lower altitudes in humid areas.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: common
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (11244)
2001/11/29


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo
2010


Manilio Prignano; Owner: Manilio Prignano
Italy, Abruzzo, Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo
2010


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[1400], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Heidenheim, im Stubental bei Sontheim, Kalblöcke in Steppenheidehängen, ca. 650 m. Leg. et det. Schumm 10.08.1963



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38715



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38715



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38043



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38043


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Protoblastenia_calva.htm
France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Protoblastenia_calva.htm
France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Protoblastenia_calva.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Haute-Savoie


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Protoblastenia_calva.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Haute-Savoie


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=889&lang=en
France, Drôme Provençale


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=889&lang=en
France, Drôme Provençale


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=889&lang=en
Belgium, Namur


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=889&lang=en
Belgium, Namur


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=889&lang=en
Belgium, Namur