Protoparmeliopsis bolcana (Pollini) Lumbsch

in Gasparyan & al., Herzogia, 2016 (in press). Basionym: Lecidea bolcana Pollini - Giorn. Fis. Chim. St. Nat. Pavia, 9: 178, 1816.
Synonyms: Lecanora bolcana (Pollini) Poelt; Lecanora diffracta auct. ital. p.p.; Lecanora muralis subsp. bolcana (Pollini) Clauzade & Cl. Roux
Distribution: N - Ven, TAA (Ravera & al. 2021b, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Valcuvia & Delucchi 2001, Valcuvia & al. 2003, De Vita & Valcuvia 2004, Delucchi & Valcuvia 2004), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Morisi 2005), Emil (Valcuvia & Delucchi 2001, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig. C - Tosc (Pišút 1997, Tretiach & al. 2008, Brackel 2015), Laz, Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Nöske 2000, Rizzi & al. 2011, Giordani & al. 2013, Cossu & al. 2015, Brackel & Berger 2019). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Scarciglia & al. 2012, 2012b), Si (Poli & al. 1995, Nimis & al. 1996b, Grillo & al. 1996, Schicchi & al. 1997, Grillo 1998, Poli & Grillo 2000, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Merlo 2004b, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus crustose-placodioid, episubstratic, yellowish green, closely attached, areolate in central parts, forming 5-20 cm wide, irregular rosettes. Central areoles 0.5-1.5 mm wide, flattened to weakly convex, with a distinct black margin; marginal lobes contiguous, to 5 mm long, flat to slightly convex, often with a black margin. Upper cortex c. 25 mm thick, overlain by an epinecral layer; medulla white, rather loose. Apothecia sparse, lecanorine, sessile, 0.5-4 mm across, irregular in outline, with a flat to slightly convex, pale brown, epruinose disc, and a smooth or slightly crenulate, often black-spotted thalline margin. Epithecium orange-brown, with granular crystals not dissolving in K; hymenium colourless, 60-70 mm high, I+ blue; paraphyses mainly simple or sparingly branched in upper part, the apices not strongly swollen; hypothecium colourless, with large crystals. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, very thin-walled, with a K/I+ blue, tall tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 8-15 x 4-7 µm. Conidia filiform. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ very pale yellow, C-, KC-, P- or P+ pale yellow. Chemistry: cortex with usnic acid, medulla with zeorin.
Note: ecologically similar to P. muralis, but more restricted to natural habitats, on less basic substrata, and with optimum in the Mediterranean belt.
Growth form: Crustose placodiomorph
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid mediterranean belt: common
Dry mediterranean belt: rather common

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 35100



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 10251



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 10251



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 10251



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 10251



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 10251



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (11634)
2001/12/08


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
Italy, Sardinia


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
France, Corse, Piana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
France, Corse, Piana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
France, Corse, Piana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=960&lang=en
France, Corse, Piana