Romjularia lurida (Ach.) Timdal

in Nash & al., Lichen Flora Gr. Sonoran Desert Reg., 3: 288, 2007. Basionym: Lecidea lurida Ach. - Meth. Lich.: 77, 1803.
Synonyms: Mycobilimbia lurida (Ach.) Hafellner & Türk; Psora lurida (Ach.) DC.; Psora lurida f. dispersa A. Massal.; Psora petri (Tuck.) Fink
Distribution: N - VG, Frl (Tretiach & Molaro 2007, Brackel 2013), Ven (Caniglia & al. 1999, Lazzarin 2000b, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003c, Nascimbene 2005c, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & Marini 2007), TAA (Nascimbene 2003, 2008b, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2022), Lomb (Valcuvia & al. 2003, Gheza 2019, 2019b, Ravera & al. 2022), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Clerc & al. 1999, Isocrono & al. 2003, Hafellner & al. 2004, Morisi 2005), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Valcuvia & al. 2000, Giordani & al. 2016). C - Tosc (Benesperi 2000a, 2006, Brackel 2015), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Umb (Panfili 2000, 2000b, 2007, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Brackel 2015), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2016, Di Nuzzo & al. 2021, Gheza & al. 2021, Vallese & al. 2022), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach, 1999, 2004, Caporale & al. 2008, Genovesi & Ravera 2014, Brackel 2020), Sar. S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Gianfreda & Matino 2020), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, 1996b, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, Ottonello 1996, Grillo 1998, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Merlo 2004b, Gianguzzi & al. 2009).
Description: Thallus squamulose, pale to dark brown, becoming greenish when wet, epruinose. Squamules 2-5 mm long, rounded at tips, flattened, smooth, clearly imbricate. Lower surface medium to dark brown. Upper cortex 40-70 µm thick, with a narrow epinecral layer, of rather thin-walled, more or less anticlinally oriented hyphae with ellipsoid to round lumina; algal layer continuous; medulla white, of intricately interwoven hyphae, I-. Apothecia frequent, biatorine, sessile, up to 2 mm across, with a dark brown to black, at first flat, then rapidly strongly convex disc, and a thin, finally excluded proper margin. Proper exciple annular, pale brown, of thick-walled, strongly conglutinated, radiating hyphae; epithecium brownish, K-, N-; hymenium colourless, I+ blue; paraphyses coherent, , sparingly branched and anastomosing, the apical cells slightly swollen; hypothecium pale brown. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, with a thin, outer amyloid layer and a thickened tholus penetrated by a tube, the sides of which stain K/I+ deep blue, Porpidia-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, thin-walled, 10-16 x 5-9 µm. Pycnidia dark, at first immersed then sessile, mostly marginal, with a dark brown wall and short-celled, intricately branched conidiophores. Conidia pleurogenous, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, 4-6 x c. 2 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a calcicolous, ecologically and altitudinally wide-ranging species, whose development often starts in fissures of the rock subject to temporary water seepage after rain, with a wide altitudinal range but rather rare above treeline.
Growth form: Squamulose
Substrata: rocks, soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: common
Oromediterranean belt: common
Montane belt: common
Submediterranean belt: very common
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: very common
Humid mediterranean belt: common
Dry mediterranean belt: rather common

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php . Courtesy: Anita Stridvall



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19357)
2001/12/12



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino (Rupingrande)
07.07.2016



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst near Borgo Grotta Gigante
16/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Triedte
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino
20/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Triedte
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino
20/02/2017



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.



Felix Schumm CC BY-SA 4.0
[16501], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Kreis Göppingen, Gosbach-Bad Ditzenbach, auf Kalkfelsen beim Tierstein, 737 m, 48,57461° N, 9,68471° E. Leg. et det. Schumm 20.06.2010.


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall



P.L. Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42019



P.L. Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 42019



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37346


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Psora_lurida.htm
France, session AFL 2008 - Lozère


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Aber Rozan


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Aber Rozan


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Aude Cucugnan


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Aude Cucugnan


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Pierre Saint Martin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Pierre Saint Martin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Pierre Saint Martin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Pierre Saint Martin


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Remuzat


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
Belgium, Ardennes Belges


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Drome Provencale


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence
associated vyanobacteria


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=175&lang=en
France, Provence
associated vyanobacteria


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 – Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse. (Coll/ident. Eichler/Cezanne).