Schismatomma ricasolii (A. Massal.) Egea & Torrente

in Torrente & Egea, Bibl. Lichenol., 32: 222, 1989. Basionym: Lecanactis ricasolii A. Massal. - Ric. Auton. Lich. Crost.: 53, fig. 100, 1852.
Synonyms: Chiodecton graphidioides Leight.; Chiodecton italicum (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr.; Chiodecton italicum f. roseum B. de Lesd.; Enterographa flotowii A. Massal.; Enterographa graphidioides (Leight.) Almb.; Enterographa hutchinsiae var. zwackhii A. Massal.; Enterographa italica B. de Lesd.; Enterographa pseudorufescens (B. de Lesd.) Redinger; Enterographa rimata (Nyl.) Zwackh; Enterographa rimata f. contigua Redinger nom inval.; Enterographa zwackhii (Zwack) A. Massal.; Opegrapha pseudorufescens B. de Lesd.; Opegrapha ricasolii (A. Massal.) Jatta; Platygrapha rimata Flot. ex Nyl.; Schismatomma graphidioides (Leight.) Zahlbr.; Schismatomma rimatum (Nyl.) Branth & Rostr.
Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 31107), Lomb, Lig (Tehler 1993, Benco & al. 2004, Sparrius 2004, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tehler 1994, Lazzarin 2000b, Loppi & al. 2004c, Tretiach & al. 2008), Marc (TSB 23608), Umb (Ravera 2000, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Munzi & al. 2009c), Sar (Zedda & al. 2001). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994).
Description: Thallus crustose, thinly episubstratic, 0.05-0.12 mm thick, esorediate, pale grey to whitish, inspersed with calcium oxalate crystals, sometimes delimited by a black prothallus. Medulla I-. Apothecia black, elliptical, irregular or clearly elongate and lirelliform, 0.2-2 mm long, simple or rarely branched, with a slit-like, epruinose or rarely slightly pruinose disc, a raised proper margin, and often a whitish basal thalline rim. Proper exciple thin, of anticlinally arranged hyphae; epithecium reddish brown to brown-black, 15-25 µm high; hymenium colourless, 55-85 µm high, I+ and K/I+ blue; paraphysoids sparsely branched and anastomosing, 1-2 µm thick; hypothecium brown-black to carbonaceous, 40-115 µm high, K+ olivaceous green to dark greenish black. Asci 8-spored, fissitunicate, clavate, with two functional wall layers, thickened at the apex, with an internal K/I+ blue ring. Ascospores 3-septate, hyaline, narrowly fusiform, strongly or slightly curved, (24-)29-35(-40) x 2-4 µm. Pycnidia black, immersed in the thallus. Conidia bacilliform, straight or curved, hyaline, (3-)4-6 x 1-2 µm. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a cool-temperate, mainly western species with optimum in humid Abies-Fagus forests of the Apennines, but also occurring in humid sites of Tyrrhenian Italy within the Mediterranean belt. Tehler (in litt.) has seen material of Opegrapha ricasolii from "Etruria" (Herb. S) collected by Ricasoli and determined by Garovaglio that might be accepted as a lectotype; this is identical to Schismatomma graphidiodes and the epithet ricasolii is the correct one. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Near-threatened” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 34340


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Schismatomma_ricasolii.htm
France, 2019 - sur Pistacia - Capo Rosso, Piana - Corse