Stereocaulon vesuvianum Pers. var. vesuvianum

Ann. Wetter. Gesellsch. Ges. Naturk., 2: 19, 1811.
Synonyms:
Distribution: N - TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Rivellini & Valcuvia 1996), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Gheza & Nascimbene 2024). C - Tosc, Sar. S - Camp (Adamo 1997, Adamo & al. 1997, 2003, 2004, Ricciardi & al. 2000, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Aprile & al. 2002, 2005, Spribille & al. 2010, Conti & al. 2014, Catalano & al. 2016), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004), Si (Czeczuga & al. 1994, 1999, Adamo & al. 2000, Poli & al. 1995, Grasso & al. 1999, Poli & Grillo 2000, Merlo & Mazzola 2001, Aprile & al. 2005, Merlo 2007, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Ottonello & al. 2011, Vingiani & al. 2012, Watson 2014, Di Martino & Stancanelli 2015).
Description: Primary thallus crustose, ephemeral, usually absent in mature individuals. Pseudopodetia 1-4 cm tall, firmly attached, erect to decumbent. lacking tomentum but with a more or less felty surface, whitish or greyish, darker at the base, simple or branched in upper part, usually esorediate, with a solid cartilaginous axis of parallel hyphae surrounded by a lax medulla, forming pillows or extended mats on the rock. Phyllocladia often almost entirely covering the pseudopodetia, small, often verrucose, the largest ones usually peltate, flattened or concave, at least some of them with a dark olive-coloured central part and paler margins. Cephalodia rare, verruculose, dark olive brown, containing Stigonema. Apothecia rare, 0.5-1 mm across, located on lateral branches, with a dark brown disc. Proper exciple brown in outer part, colourless within; epithecium brown, K-; hymenium colourless; paraphyses simple, slightly thickened above, with a dark cap; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, with a K/I+ blue outer layer and apical dome, and a central, K/I+ darker blue tube, Porpidia-type. Ascospores septate, hyaline, fusiform. Spot tests: thallus K+ yellow (rarely K+ red), C-, KC-, P+ orange, UV-. Chemistry: atranorin, and variable amounts of stictic and norstictic acids.
Note: on volcanic rocks; abundant on the Vesuvium and the Etna Volcanoes, but much rarer elsewhere in Italy, due to the scarcity of suitable substrata; most records from the Alps need confirmation.
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia (primary); cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema) (secundary, e.g. in cephalodia)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (12835)
2001/12/07
phyllocladia



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (12835)
2001/12/07


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC


Umberto Saetta
Italy, Campania, Napoli, Mt. Vesuvius


Umberto Saetta
Italy, Campania, Napoli, Mt. Vesuvius


Umberto Saetta
Italy, Campania, Napoli, Mt. Vesuvius



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37035



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37035



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37035



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 12835



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 12835



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 12835



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 12835



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 12835


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Commana


Hans Toetenel - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Groix


Hans Toetenel - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
France, Groix


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=528&lang=en
Belgium, Monthermé