Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach.

Meth. Lich.: 280, 1803. Basionym: Lichen limbatus Sm. in Smith & Sowerby - Engl. Bot., 16: 1104, 1802.
Synonyms: Stictina limbata (Sm.) Nyl.
Distribution: N - Frl (Nascimbene & al. 1998, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003), Ven (Nascimbene 2003b, 2011, Nascimbene & al. 2009c), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2021), Lig. C - Tosc, Laz. S - Camp (Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Cal (Stofer 2006, Giordani & al. 2009), Si (Ottonello & Romano 1997, Ottonello & Puntillo 2009, Ottonello & al. 2011).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, broad-lobed, papyraceous, loosely attached, rather brittle when dry, sorediate. Lobes smooth, pale to dark brown or greyish, darker when wet, without any distinct stipe when young, eventually (sub-)orbicular and overlapping, 1-3 cm wide, simple or with 1(-2) branches, adnate or ascending, overlapping, the apices slightly undulating, plane or slightly revolute, entire to crenate, covered with mainly marginal soralia forming a somewhat swollen edge, at first forming a star-like structure with a slightly convex center, bordered by small, pale to whitish triangular lobes made of the disrupted upper cortex. then coalescing and invading the margins along most of their lengths; soredia bluish grey, rarely brownish. Lower surface costillate to scrobiculate, white or pale orange-brown, rarely darker towards center in old thalli, with sparse to dense, pubescent to hirsute tomentum. Cyphellae abundant, especially towards the margins, round or angular, cupuliform to urceolate with a wide pore, 0.3-1 mm in diam., the margin erect, slightly revolute, whitish to brownish, the membrane with non-papillose outer cells. Upper and lower cortex paraplectenchymatous; medulla white, lax to compact. Apothecia extremely rare, up to 3 mm across, short-staled, with a red-brown disc and a verruculose to finely tomentose thalline margin. Asci 8-spored, fissitunicate, the thickened apex with a K/I+ blue ring, Peltigera-type. Ascospores 3-7-septate, fusiform, 17-36(-40) x 6-10 µm . Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc). Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a humid subtropical to Mediterranean-Atlantic species found on bark, often associated with bryophytes, on mossy rocks and soil in very humid situations, certainly worthy of protection in Italy. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Vulnerable” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark and rocks
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Restricted to humid-warm, oceanic areas

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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(info)

Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19730)
2001/12/07
marginal soredia



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19730)
2001/12/07
lower surface with cyphella


Robert Lücking ; Owner: Robert Lücking


A. Aptroot ; Owner: A.Aptroot


A. Aptroot ; Owner: A.Aptroot



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Veneto, Belluno, Val Visdende, Cadore
2007



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Swordfish Island, British Columbia, Canada
30.11.2018


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Sticta_limbata.htm
France, 2/7/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Sticta_limbata.htm
France, 2/7/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Sticta_limbata.htm
France, session AFL 2010 à Soustons - Landes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Sticta_limbata.htm
France, session AFL 2010 à Soustons - Landes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Sticta_limbata.htm
France, session AFL 2010 à Soustons - Landes


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Lesteven


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Stangala


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Stangala


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Stangala


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Camfrout


Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Hôpital-Camfrout


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=353&lang=en
France, Hôpital-Camfrout


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Hôpital-Camfrout
on mossy rocks


Hans Toetenel - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Hans Toetenel - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1093&lang=en
France, Groix
on mossy rocks


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Portugal: Madeira.


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Portugal: Madeira.