Umbilicaria spodochroa Hoffm.

Ehrh. ex Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl., 2: 113, 1796.
Synonyms: Gyrophora cirrhosa auct. p.p. non (Hoffm.) Flörke; Gyrophora spodochroa (Hoffm.) Ach.; Omphalodiscus spodochrous (Hoffm.) Schol.; Umbilicaria cirrhosa auct. p.p. non Hoffm.
Distribution: N - TAA, Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999). C - Sar.
Description: Thallus foliose-umbilicate, dorsiventral, monophyllous, 2-5 cm diam., soft, pliable and somewhat leathery when wet, fragile when dry, attached by a more or less central holdfast. Upper surface grey-brown, often whitish-pruinose, rather smooth, the margins sinuous, more or less entire. Lower surface mostly dark brown to black, rimose-warted, with abundant, branched, brown-black rhizinomorphs; thalloconidia absent. Medulla not always clearly differentiated from lower cortex. Apothecia frequent, omphalodisc, black, 1-1.5(-2) mm across, sessile to shortly stalked. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, thick-walled, with an amyloid apical dome, Umbilicaria-type. Ascospores soon brown and muriform, 20-30(-36) x 11-19 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C+ red, KC+ red, P-. Chemistry: medulla with gyrophoric acid.
Note: a mainly western-oceanic species growing on inclined surfaces of siliceous rocks near or above treeline. Most Italian records need confirmation.
Growth form: Foliose, umbilicate
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Einar Timdal http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35725)
2003/01/22



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35725)
2003/01/22
rhizinomorphs on lower surface


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Nere Sorrentino


Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 35725


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Norge: Scandes.