ITALIC 7.0

Verrucaria rupestris Schrad.

Spicil. Fl. Germ., 1: 109, 1794.

Synonyms: Amphoridium rupestre (Schrad.) A. Massal.

Distribution: N - Ven (Ravera & al. 2022), TAA (Dalla Torre & Sartnthein 1909, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (GDOR 92).

Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic, forming a grey-white to pale brown discoloration on the rock, without a distinct prothallus. Perithecia black, fully immersed in the rock or rarely very slightly projecting only with the up to 0.3 mm wide apical part, leaving pits in the rock when they fall off. Involucrellum black, up to 0.4 mm across, the upper part thick, becoming progressively thinner toward the base, usually encircling the exciple or reaching at least to mid-level; exciple c. 0.3 mm across, the wall dark in upper part, pale in lower part; hamathecium of periphyses and periphysoids, interascal filaments absent; hymenial gel 1+ blue turning reddish. Asci 8-spored, clavate, I-, fissitunicate, the wall thickened above, with an ocular chamber, dehiscent by extrusion of an endotunica to form a delicate rostrum, Verrucaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, oblong-ellipsoid, 17-25 x 9-13 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: an early coloniser of pebbles, mortar walls, brick and roofing tiles, until recently confused with V. muralis, from which it differs in the endolithic thallus and the perithecia which are immersed in the thallus and in the rock; certainly more widespread in Italy, earlier records could be under V. muralis.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Pioneer species

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_V/Texte_V/Verrucaria_rupestris.htm

France, 4/9/2014 - Darois, Combe En Neudry, alt. 470 m - Côte-d'Or

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_V/Texte_V/Verrucaria_rupestris.htm

France, 4/9/2014 - Darois, Combe En Neudry, alt. 470 m - Côte-d'Or

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_V/Texte_V/Verrucaria_rupestris.htm

France, 4/9/2014 - Darois, Combe En Neudry, alt. 470 m - Côte-d'Or

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_V/Texte_V/Verrucaria_rupestris.htm

France, 4/9/2014 - Darois, Combe En Neudry, alt. 470 m - Côte-d'Or

Zschacke, H. (1934) Epigloeaceae, Verrucariaceae und Dermatocarpaceae. In: Dr. L. Rabenhorst‘s Kryptogamen-Flora, Band 9, Abt. 1, Teil 1. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 695 pp. - Public Domain

Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.