Xanthoria aureola (Ach.) Erichsen
Verh. bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenburg 72: 39, 1930. Basionym: Parmelia aureola Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 437, 1810.
Synonyms: Physcia ectaneoides Nyl.; Xanthoria ectaneoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Xanthoria parietina subsp. ectanea auct. non (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux; Xanthoria parietina var. ectanea auct. non (Ach.) J. Kickx f.
Distribution: N - VG (Tretiach & al. 2007b), Lig (Valcuvia & al. 2000). C - Tosc (Adamo & al. 1993, Adamo 1997, Terribile & al. 2012), Sar (TSB 25561). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & Romano 1997, Ottonello & al. 2011).
Description: Thallus foliose, rather loosely attached, orange to yellow-orange, (0.2-)0.3(-0.6) mm thick, often covered in a finely granular, orange pruina, without vegetative diaspores, forming irregular, often confuent, up to 8(-10) cm wide patches. Lobes 0.3-1.3(-3) mm wide, strap-shaped, truncated to rounded at apex, adpressed to slightly ascending, flat to slightly concave, with an uneven surface, often irregularly overlapping also in thallus centre. Lower surface pale yellow near margins to white in central parts, attached by colourless hapters. Medulla with hyphal strands, lower part often with strongly gelatinized, more conglutinated hyphae. Apothecia almost always absent, lecanorine/zeorine, orange, 0.5-3 mm across. Epithecium yellow-brown, K+ red; hymenium colourless; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched, swollen at tips; hypothecium colourless to pale brown. Asci 8-spored, clavate, functionally unitunicate, apically thickened with a broad internal beak, the inner part of apex and external cap I+ blue, Teloschistes-type. Ascospores 2-celled, polarilocular, hyaline, ellipsoid, often poorly developed. Pycnidia immersed into orange warts. Conidia ellipsoid, 2-2.5 x 0.7-1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K+ dark red, C-, KC-, P-, UV+ intensely orange-red. Chemistry: parietin (major), fallacinal, emodin, teloschistin (minor).Note: a Mediterranean-Atlantic species with optimum on basic siliceous rocks near the coast, much more rare on limestone and on eutrophicated, acid siliceous rocks. According to Roux & coll. (2014), however, the species is probably restricted to Atlantic Europe, the Mediterranean records referring instead to Xanthoria calcicola var. ectaniza (Nyl.) Cl. Roux. The Italian samples which I have seen, mostly from Tyrrhenian Italy, bear little resemblance with X. calcicola.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Poorly known taxon in need of further study
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35724)
2003/01/22
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19657)
2001/12/03
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna, Oristano, Necropoli Neolitica di Li Muri, Arzachena
2010
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna, Oristano, Necropoli Neolitica di Li Muri, Arzachena
2010
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 19657
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19657)
2001/12/03
detail of lobes with pycnidia
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 36723
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 36723
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38381
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38381
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Le Fret
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe du Raz
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Ouessant
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline, on Ramalina cuspidata
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Port Merrien
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Terenez
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Terenez
Forme de la frange littorale
Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Brest
Forme de la frange littorale
Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Brest
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Poorly known taxon in need of further study
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35724)
2003/01/22
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19657)
2001/12/03
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38380)
2008.02.23
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna, Oristano, Necropoli Neolitica di Li Muri, Arzachena
2010
Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna, Oristano, Necropoli Neolitica di Li Muri, Arzachena
2010
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
Herbarium: TSB 19657
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (19657)
2001/12/03
detail of lobes with pycnidia
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 36723
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 36723
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38381
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38381
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38382
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Le Fret
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe du Raz
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=999&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Guern
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Ouessant
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline, on Ramalina cuspidata
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
ALain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1265&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
forme ramicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Port Merrien
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Terenez
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Terenez
Forme de la frange littorale
Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Brest
Forme de la frange littorale
Alain Gerault - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=24&lang=e
France, Brest
Forme de la frange littorale
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Cap de la Chèvre
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=178&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone aérohaline
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=58&lang=en
France, Crozon
Forme saxicole de la zone mésique
