Tetramelas geophilus (Sommerf.) Norman

Nytt Mag. Naturvid., 7: 236, 1853. Basionym: Lecidea geophila Flörke ex Sommerf. - Suppl. Fl. Lappon.: 157, 1826.
Synonyms: Buellia geophila (Sommerf.) Lynge; Buellia insignis var. muscorum (Hepp) Körb.; Buellia triphragmia (Nyl.) Arnold non auct.; Diplotomma geophilum (Sommerf.) S.R. Singh & D.D. Awasthi; Lecidea triphragmia Nyl. non auct.
Distribution: N - TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2022), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Pistocchi & al. 2026). C - Abr (Gheza & al. 2021).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, continuous to granulose-verrucose, white to grey-white, without a distinct prothallus. Cortex with calcium oxalate crystals: medulla white, I-. Apothecia lecideine, black, to 0.3-1.2(-1.5) mm across, immersed to sessile, with a flat to convex, rarely pruinose disc and a thin, finally often excluded proper margin. Proper exciple brown-black throughout, with rounded, thin-walled cells, the pigment giving a K+ yellow solution; epithecium brown, N-; hymenium colourless, not inspersed with oil droplets, 70-85(-100) µm high, I+ blue; paraphyses branched in upper part, the apical cell swollen, 4-5 µm wide, with a brown cap; hypothecium brown-black. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass), the wall I-, but the thin outer gel I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 3-septate, dark brown, often curved, narrowly ellipsoid, (20-)24-38(-43) x 6-13 µm, the wall uniformly thick, indistinctly rugulate. Pycnidia rare, black, immersed in thallus. Conidia bacilliform, 4-6 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ indistinctly yellow, C-, but C+ intensely yellow under the dissecting microscope, KC+ yellow to orange-yellow, P-, UV+ orange. Chemistry: 6-O-methylarthothelin.
Note: a mainly boreal-montane to arctic-alpine, circumpolar lichen overgrowing terricolous and epilithic mosses on calciferous substrata, rarely corticolous, near and above treeline. A related species, Buellia trifracta J. Steiner, is known from the Alps of Austria.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2287], Austria. Tirolia, alpes "Hohe Tauern" dicti, Gruben, secus viam inter Stein et casas alpinas "Sudetendeutsche Hütte" dictas, 1800 m. Ad saxa schistosa, supra muscos emortuos. Leg. J. Horáková et. A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2287 as Buellia geophila



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2287], Austria. Tirolia, alpes "Hohe Tauern" dicti, Gruben, secus viam inter Stein et casas alpinas "Sudetendeutsche Hütte" dictas, 1800 m. Ad saxa schistosa, supra muscos emortuos. Leg. J. Horáková et. A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2287 as Buellia geophila



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 11896



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (11896)
2001/11/22


Source: https://nhm2.uio.no/typephotos/lichens/arkiv/O-L-071802d.jpg
NORWAY, NORDLAND, SALTDAL: Saltd., ., Sommerfelt, S.C. - SYNTYPE