Hydropunctaria symbalana (Nyl.) Cl. Roux
in Roux & al., Catalogue des Lichens et Champignons lichénicoles de France Métropolitaine, 3e éd, 1: 1286, 2020.. Basionym: Verrucaria symbalana Nyl. - Bull. Soc. linn. Normandie, sér. 2, 6, 2: 314, 1873 (1872).
Synonyms: Hydropunctaria amphibia auct. Medit. non (Ach.) Cl. Roux; Verrucaria ligurica Zschacke
Distribution: N - Lig.
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, dark olive-brown to olive-black, subgelatinous when wet, continuous or rimose, smooth or usually with slightly raised punctiform, black warts or short ridges. Cortex scarcely differentiated, with a brown, pigment reacting K-; photobiont cells arranged in vertical rows; medulla with pillars of dark brown to black tissue often reaching the thallus surface. Perithecia black, largely immersed into up to 0.45 m wide thalline warts, projecting with the crater-like ostiolar region. Involucrellum thick reaching to base-level; exciple black, globose, 0.16-0.22 mm across; hamathecium of periphyses and periphysoids, interascal filaments absent; hymenial gel amyloid, I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, clavate, I-, fissitunicate, the wall thickened above, with an ocular chamber, dehiscent by extrusion of an endotunica to form a delicate rostrum, Verrucaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, oblong-ellipsoid, 12-16(-18) x (5-)6-8 μm. Pycnidia immersed, with colourless wall and ostiole. Conidia bacilliform. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.Note: The whole complex of the Mediterranean-Atlantic brown maritime Hydropunctaria-species badly needs revision in Italy. According to Roux & Coll. (2014, 2020) this species substitutes H. amphibia (Atlantic coasts) in the Mediterranean basin. All records from Italy of H. amphibia are likely to refer to this species.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Periodically submerged (e.g. in creeks)
Poorly known taxon in need of further study
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: rare

Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Gradelle
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Gradelle
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Réserve de Scandella
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Periodically submerged (e.g. in creeks)
Poorly known taxon in need of further study
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: rare
Dry mediterranean belt: rare

Predictive model
Herbarium samples |

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hydropunctaria_amphibia.htm
France, Sur granite, étage supralittoral Pianotolli- Caldarellu, Pointe Sud des Bruzzi alt. 0 m - Corse - (20) -
22/10/2016

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Gradelle
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Gradelle
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Ajaccio Capo di Feno
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Bernard Bouffinier - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Réserve de Scandella
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Stagnolu
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Michel David - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio Santa Manza
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.

Jacques Haine - CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.lichensmaritimes.org/?task=fiche&lichen=952&lang=en
France, Corse, Bonifacio
as Hydropunctaria amphibia Taxon de Méditerranée.
