Hymenelia coerulea A. Massal.

Symmicta Lich.: 25, 1855.
Synonyms: Aspicilia coerulea (A. Massal.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Hymenelia hiascens A. Massal.; Hymenelia prevostii var. coerulescens Kremp.; Lecanora cantiana (Garov.) Zahlbr.; Lecanora coerulea (A. Massal.) Nyl.; Lecanora pseudocoerulea Zahlbr.; Manzonia cantiana Garov.
Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 3751), Ven (Nascimbene & Marini 2007), TAA (Nascimbene 2008b, Spitale & Nascimbene 2012, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb. C - Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999).
Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic, continuous to very finely cracked, pale blue when dry, blue when wet, usually well-delimited, sometimes with a thin whitish prothallus. Apothecia 0.2-0.4 mm across, immersed in the thallus and in the rock, with a blue-grey to black, epruinose disc and a soon excluded proper margin. Epithecium blue, N+ purple-red, K-; hymenium pale blue; paraphyses mostly simple, moniliform in upper part, slightly swollen at apex; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, the outer coat I+ blue, but the inner walls and apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 6-15 x 5-11 µm, often poorly developed. Photobiont chlorococcoid (Asterochloris), the cells <15 µm wide. Spot tests: thallus K, C-, KC-, P-, UV-; pigmented parts of thallus N+ purple. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: on steeply inclined surfaces of hard calciferous rocks, including moderately dolomitic, hard limestone; certainly widespread and locally abundant throughout the Alps, with optimum in the montane and subalpine belts; the record from Abruzzo is the southernmost known in Italy. The records from Campania by Aprile & al. (2003b) are from low altitudes, and appear dubious to me.
Growth form: Crustose endolithic
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: extremely common
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: very rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 43812



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Mt. Adamello (Alps), Italy
2006



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Mt. Adamello (Alps), Italy
2006



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Bolzano/Bozen, Sciliar/Schlern



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 43812



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41570



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41570



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 43812



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 43812



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 23712



P.L. Nimis CC BY SA 4.0
TSB 43812



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38055



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37310



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



Pier Luigi Nimis - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 37311



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38055



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 37311


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hymenelia_coerulea.htm
France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_H/Hymenelia_coerulea.htm
France, session AFL 2005 en Lozère