ITALIC 8.0

Koerberia biformis A. Massal.

Geneac. Lich.: 6, 1854.

Synonyms:

Distribution: N - Frl, Ven (Lazzarin 2000b), Lomb, Lig (Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc, Marc (Frati & Brunialti 2006), Umb (Ravera 1998, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Ravera 2001, Massari & Ravera 2002, Ravera & Genovesi 2008), Mol (Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Zedda 2002). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Brunialti & al. 2013), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004), Si (Ottonello & al. 2011).

Description: Thallus minutely foliose, forming small rosettes, 0.5-3 cm in diam. Lobes elongate, up to 2 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, stellately radiating, dark olive-green, smooth to slightly grooved, with laminal, cylindrical, erect, up to 1 mm tall and c. 0.1 mm thick isidia. Lower surface pale olive, with tufts of pale, short-celled anchoring hyphae. Upper cortex (pseudocortex) composed of only one or two discontinuous layers of cells, lower cortex pseudoparenchymatous with short celled longitudinally extended hyphae. Apothecia frequent, deep red-brown, soon convex, 0.4-1 (-1.5) mm across. Proper margin formed by a 30-60 µm wide pseudoexciple; epithecium brownish; hymenium colourless, 65-100 µm high , I+ blue; hypothecium colourless, partly pseudoparenchymatous. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, with an apically thickened wall. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, acicular to slightly curved, spirally twisted in the asci, 35-45(-55) x 1.5-3(-4) µm. Pycnidia laminal, pyriform, with a brown ostiole. Conidia bacilliform, 4.5-6 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Scytonema-like). Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a mild-temperate species found on rough bark, mostly of old deciduous trees, especially Castanea and Quercus, in humid areas; much rarer in the North than in Tyrrhenian Italy.

Growth form: Foliose, narrow lobed

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare

Humid mediterranean belt: rare

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 34173

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 34173

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 34173