Arthonia calabrella Puntillo

Arthonia calabrella Puntillo

I Licheni di Calabria: 200, 1996.

Synonyms:

Distribution: C - Laz (Ravera 2001). S - Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Potenza 2006, Potenza & al. 2010), Cal (Puntillo & Vezda 1994, Puntillo 1995, 1996, Grube & Giralt 1995).

Description: Thallus crustose, endosubstratic or thinly episubstratic, continuous to rimose, white to creamy white, effuse or delimited by a brown-black prothalline line. Apothecia arthonioid, scattered, rounded to irregular in outline, 0.4-1.3 mm across, more rarely elongate and c. 1.4 x 0.4 mm, >130 µm tall, flat and level with thallus or convex and raised, dark brown-black to black, epruinose but sometimes appearing grey, especially when young, due to fragments of bark on the surface. Proper exciple poorly developed; epithecium reddish brown, of mainly anticlinally arranged, brown-walled hyphae, K+ olivaceous green, often covered with a 10-20 µm high, hyaline, gelatinous layer; hymenium colourless to yellowish brown, K+ pale green, hemiamyloid, I+ blue turning wine-red; paraphysoids anastomosing, branched in upper part, c. 1 µm thick, the apical cells 1.5-2 µm wide; hypothecium colourless, 10-30 µm high. Asci 8-spored, broadly clavate, semi-fissitunicate, with a large apical dome, and a distinct ocular chamber, the apex with a K/I+ blue, elongated ring structure and paler bluish tholus flanks. Ascospores (3-)4-septate, hyaline but often turning brown and faintly verruculose when overmature, clavate-obovoid, with one of the terminal cells enlarged, straight to slightly curved, (13-)15-18 x (4.5-)5-7 µm. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances.

Note: only locally abundant in humid riparian forests of Central and Southern Italy, mostly on the smooth, base-rich bark of broad-leaved deciduous trees (e.g. Fraxinus). It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Vulnerable” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark

Photobiont: Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: absent

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid mediterranean belt: very rare

Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo

Italy

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (22618)
2001/12/08

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (22618)
2001/12/08

Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo

Italy

Felix Schumm; Owner: CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm; Owner: CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0

[TSB_22618], Italy, Puglia, Prov. Lecce, Marina di Novaglie, Adriatic coast. On old Quercus ilex. Leg. P.L. Nimis & M. Tretiach, 09.04.1996

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