Glaucomaria carpinea (L.) S.Y. Kondr., Lőkös & Farkas

in Kondratyuk & al., Acta Bot. Hung., 61, 1-2: 153, 2019. Basionym: Lichen carpineus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1141, 1753.
Synonyms: Lecanora albella var. angulosa (Schreb.) Flot.; Lecanora angulosa (Schreb.) Ach.; Lecanora carpinea (L.) Vain.; Lecanora chondrotypa Ach.; Lecanora cinerella auct. non (Flörke) Rabenh.; Lecanora eriksonii H. Magn.; Lecanora pallida var. angulosa (Schreb.) Rabenh.
Distribution: N - VG (Castello 1996, Castello & Skert 2005), Frl (Badin & Nimis 1996, Castello & Skert 2005, Bernini & al. 2010), Ven (Nimis & al. 1996c, Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, Lazzarin 1997, Caniglia & al. 1999, Valcuvia & al. 2000c, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008, 2008c, Nascimbene & al. 2007, 2013b, Nascimbene & Marini 2007, 2010, Brackel 2013), TAA (De Benetti & Caniglia 1993, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000b, 2002c, Nascimbene 2003, 2005b, 2006b, 2008b, 2014, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2006e, 2007b, 2014, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Arosio & Rinaldi 1995, Grieco & Groppali 1995, Alessio & al. 1995, Zocchi & al. 1997, Arosio & al. 2003, Valcuvia & al. 2003, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, Valcuvia & Truzzi 2007b, Furlanetto 2010, Gheza & al. 2015, 2020, 2023), Piem (Caniglia & al. 1992, Morisi & Sereno 1995, Arosio & al. 1998, Isocrono & Falletti 1999, Griselli & al. 2003, Piervittori 2003, Castino 2004, Isocrono & al. 2004, 2005b, 2006, 2009, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, Furlanetto 2010, Giordani & Malaspina 2016), VA (Piervittori & al. 2001, Matteucci & al. 2008c), Emil (Bassi 1995, Gasparo & Tretiach 1996, Nimis & al. 1996, Lumbsch & al. 1997, Dalle Vedove & al. 2002, Sallese 2003, Morselli & Regazzi 2006, Tretiach & al. 2008, Cioffi 2009, Benesperi 2009, Gerdol & al. 2014, Brackel 2015, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Giordani & al. 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi & Putortì 1995b, 2001, Loppi 1996, 1996b, Loppi & De Dominicis 1996, 1996b, Loppi & al. 1996b, 1997, 1997b, 1998, 1998b, 1999a, 2002, 2002b, 2002c, 2003, 2006, Monaci & al. 1997, Loppi & Nascimbene 1998, 2010, Putortì & al. 1998, 1999, Tretiach & Ganis 1999, Putortì & Loppi 1999b, Paoli & Loppi 2001, 2008, Laganà & al. 2002, Lorenzini & al. 2003, Landi & Loppi 2003, Benesperi 2006, 2011, Benesperi & al. 2007, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Brunialti & al. 2012b, Paoli & al. 2012, 2012b, 2013, 2015d, Brackel 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2015, Caporale & al. 2016, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc (Gasparo & al. 1989, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Frati & Brunialti 2006, Brackel 2015), Umb (Ravera 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Panfili 2000b, 2007, Ravera & al. 2006, Brackel 2015), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1997, Massari & Ravera 2002, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ruisi & al. 2005, Ravera 2008b, Ravera & Genovesi 2008, Zucconi & al. 2013, Brackel 2015), Abr (Olivieri & Pacioni 1996, Olivieri & al. 1997, 1997b, Loppi & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Stofer 2006, Brackel 2015, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008, Ravera & al. 2010, Brackel 2015, 2020, Paoli & al. 2015, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar (Zedda 1995, 2002, Rizzi & al. 2011, Cossu 2013, Brackel & Berger 2019, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, 2011, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Catalano & al. 2010, 2016, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2011), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Berger & Brackel 2011, Brackel 2011), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Stofer 2006, Brackel & Puntillo 2016), Si (Grillo & Cristaudo 1995, Grillo 1996, Grillo 1998, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Falco Scampatelli 2005, Stofer 2006, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Liistro & Cataldo 2011, Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus crustose, continuous or cracked, whitish to grey, smooth, epruinose, sometimes delimited by a white prothallus. Apothecia lecanorine, often crowded, round to angular by mutual compression, sessile, 0.5-1.5 mm across, with an orange-brown to flesh-coloured, but heavily white-pruinose, flat to slightly convex disc, and a rather thin, persistent, slightly prominent, usually not flexuose thalline margin. Thalline exciple with a well developed, 30-75 μm thick cortex of anticlinally arranged hyphae, the medullary part containing crystals which are readily soluble in K; proper exciple thin, colourless, filled with crystals soluble in K; epithecium pale brown, with an epipsamma of fine crystals, the pigment and crystals dissolving in K, C+ bright yellow; hymenium colourless, 50-70 µm high; paraphyses slightly thickened at apex (up to 2.5 µm); hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, very thin-walled, with a K/I+ blue, tall tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, simple, broadly ellipsoid, (9-)12-14.5 x (5-)6-8.5 µm, the wall <1 µm thick. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P- or P+ pale yellow; disc of apothecia (pruina) C+ bright lemon yellow; margin of apothecia P-. Chemistry: thallus with atranorin (major), chloroatranorin (minor) eugenitol (minor); apothecial disc (pruina) with sordidone (major).
Note: a mainly temperate early coloniser of smooth bark, with a wide altitudinal range, common throughout the country below the subalpine belt. According to Grube & al. (2004) the species is rich in diverse morphotypes, and may consist of several species which still need to be delimited. See also note on G. subcarpinea.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Pioneer species

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely common
Submediterranean belt: extremely common
Padanian area: rather rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Humid mediterranean belt: very common
Dry mediterranean belt: common

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php . Courtesy: A. Stridvall



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36882)
2008.02.28



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (31190)
2008.03.04



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (31190)
2008.03.04



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32123)
2008.03.04


Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste, Opicina, Viale alberato sulla strada per Monrupino
17/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste, Opicina, Viale alberato sulla strada per Monrupino
17/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste, Opicina, Viale alberato sulla strada per Monrupino
17/02/2017



Andrea Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Triedte
Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Trieste Karst, Rocca di Monrupino
20/02/2017



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16482], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, auf Carpinus südlich des Krettenhofes, beim Parkplatz Hohrain, 48,73991° N, 9,67280° E, 400m, auf Carpinus. Leg. Schumm 01.05.2010, det. Schumm.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19011], Deutschland, Hessische Rhön, an Fraxinus nahe Guckaisee bei Schwarzerden. Leg. Johannes Ullrich (128/2) 18.05.1981, det. J. Ullrich. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19011], Deutschland, Hessische Rhön, an Fraxinus nahe Guckaisee bei Schwarzerden. Leg. Johannes Ullrich (128/2) 18.05.1981, det. J. Ullrich. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19011], Deutschland, Hessische Rhön, an Fraxinus nahe Guckaisee bei Schwarzerden. Leg. Johannes Ullrich (128/2) 18.05.1981, det. J. Ullrich. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.
at: atranorin, sordidone bei (5,7 | 5,45 | 6)



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19012], Deutschland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Nationalpark-Harz, Glashüttenwiese an Acer pseudoplatanus, 800 m. TK: 4230/1/6. Leg. Kison (# 1381) 6.05.2011. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19012], Deutschland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Nationalpark-Harz, Glashüttenwiese an Acer pseudoplatanus, 800 m. TK: 4230/1/6. Leg. Kison (# 1381) 6.05.2011. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[19012], Deutschland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Nationalpark-Harz, Glashüttenwiese an Acer pseudoplatanus, 800 m. TK: 4230/1/6. Leg. Kison (# 1381) 6.05.2011. Dubl. aus dem Herbar NP Harz.
at: atranorin, sordidone bei (5,7 | 5,45 | 6)



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 14431


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=326&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=326&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=326&lang=en
France, Ardennes


Joel Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=326&lang=en
France, Brest