Melanelixia fuliginosa (Duby) O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Divakar, Essl., D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch

Mycol. Res., 108: 881, 2004. Basionym: Parmelia olivacea var. fuliginosa Fr. ex Duby - Bot. Gall.: 602, 1830.
Synonyms: Melanelia fuliginosa (Duby) Essl.; Parmelia fuliginosa (Duby) Nyl. non (Ach.) Schaer.; Parmelia glabratula subsp. fuliginosa (Duby) J.R. Laundon; Parmelia glabratula var. fuliginosa (Duby) Grummann
Distribution: N - Ven (Nascimbene & al. 2013b), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2022, Trindade & al. 2021), Lomb, Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995), VA (Matteucci & al. 2008c), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Arup & Sandler 2011). C - Tosc (Frati & Brunialti 2023), Laz, Abr, Sar (Monte 1993, Cossu & al. 2015). S - Camp, Bas, Cal, Si (Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, rather loosely adpressed, forming 2-4(-15) cm wide rosettes. Lobes (1-)2-3(-4) mm wide, dark brown to blackish in sun-forms, smooth to wrinkled, often shiny especially at lobe tips, with more or less cylindrical, often branched and coralloid, up to 1.5 mm tall, 0.07-0.12 mm thick, often branched isidia which easily break off leaving white scars, the marginal parts usually isidiate. Lower surface dark brown to black, paler-toward the edges, with mostly simple, up to 1 mm long rhizines. Upper cortex paraplectenchymatous, with a pored epicortex, the cell walls containing isolichenan; medulla white, sometimes patchily orange-brown in lower part; lower cortex paraplectenchymatous. Apothecia rather rare, lecanorine, sessile, to 6 mm across, with a concave to flat, imperforate disc and a papillate-isidiate thalline margin. Epithecium brown; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 10-14 x 5-9(-10) μm. Pycnidia rare, dark, immersed. Conidia bacilliform, slightly swollen at ends, 6-7.5 x c. 1 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K-, C-, KC-, P-, N-; medulla K- or rarely patchily K+ purple-violet in the orange-brown parts, C+ red, KC+ red, P-, UV-. Chemistry: medulla with lecanoric and 5-methoxylecanoric acids, sometimes with an orange pigment (rhodophyscin) in patches.
Note: a mainly silicicolous species (see Arup & Sandler Berlin 2011); the greatest majority of the post-1993 records of M. fuliginosa from Italy refer to M. glabratula.
Growth form: Foliose, narrow lobed
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: rare
Montane belt: rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 27969


Harrie Sipman – Source http://www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de/sipman/Zschackia/AegeanLichens/CaloplacaAC.htm - As Caloplaca oasis



Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
Washington, Skagit County, Redondo Beach State Park Date: March, 2008 On rock face, coastal bluff


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
originally as Melanelia fuliginosa



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848


Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu
originally as Melanelia glabratula



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38848


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Rostudel


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Rostudel


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h, Camaret


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Portzen


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=127&lang=en
France, Pointe de Dinan