Micarea denigrata (Fr.) Hedl.
Bih. K. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., 3, 18: 78, 1892. Basionym: Biatora denigrata Fr. - K. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl.: 256, 1822.
Synonyms: Biatora aniptiza (Stirt.) Walt. Watson; Biatorina praeviridans (Nyl.) Boistel; Biatorina sinothea auct.; Catillaria denigrata (Fr.) Vain.; Catillaria hemipoliella (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell; Catillaria praeviridans (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Catillaria spodiza (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Catillaria synothea auct.; Lecidea aniptiza Stirt.; Lecidea denigrata (Fr.) Nyl.; Lecidea discretula Nyl.; Lecidea fungicola Ach.; Lecidea hemipoliella Nyl.; Lecidea parissima Nyl.; Lecidea praeviridans Nyl.; Lecidea spodiza Nyl.; Lecidea synothea auct.; Micarea denigrata var. friesiana Hedl.; Micarea hemipoliella (Nyl.) Vězda
Distribution: N - Ven (Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene 2008c), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2008c, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb, Piem (Giordani & Malaspina 2016), Lig (TSB 33561). C - Tosc, Umb (CLU 16081), Laz, Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Sar (Nöske 2000). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, rarely endosubstratic and poorly evident, usually composed of convex, white to pale grey-green, smooth, ecorticate areoles, sometimes reacting K+ violet. Apothecia micareoid, sessile, 0.1-0.5 mm across, sometimes aggregated into up to 0.8 mm wide clusters, with a dark grey to black (pale grey to whitish in shade-forms), strongly convex, sometimes tuberculate, epruinose disc, without a proper margin or with a thin whitish margin evident only in young apothecia. Proper exciple indistinct or very thin, of paraphysis-like hyphae; epithecium hardly separate from the hymenium; hymenium olive-grey, brownish, olive-brown or dull grey in upper part, colourless in lower part, 25-40 µm high, the pigmented parts C+ pink; paraphyses numerous, branched and anastomosing, 1-1.7 µm thick, not capitate; hypothecium colourless, 60-110 µm high. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, clavate, in K/I with a blue outer layer and apical dome and unstained wall, the dome with an apical cushion. Ascospores (0-)1(-2)-septate, often with slightly unequal cells, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, oblong-ellipsoid or fusiform with rounded ends, straight or slightly curved, (6-)8-14(-18) x 2-3.5(-4) µm. Pycnidia immersed to emergent-stalked, grey to black, the wall greenish, K+ violet, C+ red-violet. Conidia of three types: i) macroconidia, curved, (1-)3 septate, 12-24 x 1 µm; ii) mesoconidia, simple, 2.5-4.5 x 1-2 µm, extruded as a white mass from the ostiole; iii) microconidia, simple, 5-7.5 x 0.5-1 µm. Photobiont micareoid, thin-walled, the cells 4-7(-8) μm wide. Spot tests: thallus, apothecial and pycnidial sections K- or K+ faintly violet, C+ red, KC+ red, P- (reactions best visible under the microscope). Chemistry: gyrophoric acid. Note: a cool-temperate to circumboreal-montane, very polymorphic species, most common on wooden poles in the mountains, on fallen trunks and stumps of coniferous and broad-leaved trees, rarer on the bark of conifers; widespread throughout the Alps and the Apennines, to be looked for in the mountains of Sicily.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark and lignum
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual, or asexual by conidia and thalloconidia
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Submediterranean belt: rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse. (Collected by E. Heerd). on weathered fences


P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9407)
2001/11/27


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012


Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2012-04-04 On wood of fence post in garden


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL50804], Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke,
along trails in vincity of field station, in primary tropical rain forest on
wood. 2°56' S, 59°57' W, 50 m. Leg. A. Aptroot, (no. 50804), 23. June
2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL50804], Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke,
along trails in vincity of field station, in primary tropical rain forest on
wood. 2°56' S, 59°57' W, 50 m. Leg. A. Aptroot, (no. 50804), 23. June
2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019.

Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Asiago
as Catillaria synothea


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1430], Germania. Bavaria. Distr. Starnberg: In paludibus septentrionem
versus a lacu Maisinger See. d folia Cladii marisci emortua. Leg.
J. Poelt, 5.8.1976. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR.
1430- - As Micarea hemipoliella


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1430], Germania. Bavaria. Distr. Starnberg: In paludibus septentrionem
versus a lacu Maisinger See. d folia Cladii marisci emortua. Leg.
J. Poelt, 5.8.1976. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR.
1430- - As Micarea hemipoliella


Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1595], URSS. Transcaucasus, Colchis: distr. Sochi, in valle angusta
rivi Agva (dextra fluminis Sochi), ad cataractas dictas Orechovyje
vodopady, 250 m. Ad corticem Alni barbatae. Leg. V. Vasák et A.
Vezda. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1595. - As Micarea hemipoliella
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark and lignum
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual, or asexual by conidia and thalloconidia
Pioneer species
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Submediterranean belt: rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse. (Collected by E. Heerd). on weathered fences

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9407)
2001/11/27

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0
British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2012-04-04 On wood of fence post in garden

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en
France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en
France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en
France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm
France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL50804], Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke, along trails in vincity of field station, in primary tropical rain forest on wood. 2°56' S, 59°57' W, 50 m. Leg. A. Aptroot, (no. 50804), 23. June 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019.

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[ABL50804], Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Ducke, along trails in vincity of field station, in primary tropical rain forest on wood. 2°56' S, 59°57' W, 50 m. Leg. A. Aptroot, (no. 50804), 23. June 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019.
Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC
Italy, Veneto, in op. Asiago
as Catillaria synothea

Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1430], Germania. Bavaria. Distr. Starnberg: In paludibus septentrionem versus a lacu Maisinger See. d folia Cladii marisci emortua. Leg. J. Poelt, 5.8.1976. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1430- - As Micarea hemipoliella

Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[VZ1430], Germania. Bavaria. Distr. Starnberg: In paludibus septentrionem versus a lacu Maisinger See. d folia Cladii marisci emortua. Leg. J. Poelt, 5.8.1976. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1430- - As Micarea hemipoliella

INDEX FUNGORUM
GBIF
DOLICHENS