ITALIC 8.0

Micarea denigrata (Fr.) Hedl.

Bih. K. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., 3, 18: 78, 1892. Basionym: Biatora denigrata Fr. - K. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl.: 256, 1822.

Synonyms: Biatora aniptiza (Stirt.) Walt. Watson; Biatorina praeviridans (Nyl.) Boistel; Biatorina sinothea auct.; Catillaria denigrata (Fr.) Vain.; Catillaria hemipoliella (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell; Catillaria praeviridans (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Catillaria spodiza (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Catillaria synothea auct.; Lecidea aniptiza Stirt.; Lecidea denigrata (Fr.) Nyl.; Lecidea discretula Nyl.; Lecidea fungicola Ach.; Lecidea hemipoliella Nyl.; Lecidea parissima Nyl.; Lecidea praeviridans Nyl.; Lecidea spodiza Nyl.; Lecidea synothea auct.; Micarea denigrata var. friesiana Hedl.; Micarea hemipoliella (Nyl.) Vězda

Distribution: N - Ven (Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene 2008c), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2008c, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb, Piem (Giordani & Malaspina 2016), Lig (TSB 33561). C - Tosc, Umb (CLU 16081), Laz, Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Sar (Nöske 2000). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996).

Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, rarely endosubstratic and poorly evident, usually composed of convex, white to pale grey-green, smooth, ecorticate areoles, sometimes reacting K+ violet. Apothecia micareoid, sessile, 0.1-0.6 mm across, with a dark grey to black (pale grey to whitish in shade-forms), strongly convex, sometimes tuberculate, epruinose disc, without a proper margin. Proper exciple indistinct: epithecium grey-green, K+ violet; hymenium colourless, 25-40 µm high, C+ pink; paraphyses numerous, branched and anastomosing, 1-1.5 µm thick, not capitate; hypothecium colourless, 60-110 µm high. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, with an unstained wall and a K/I+ blue outer layer and apical dome, the latter with a non-amyloid, cylindrical axial mass. Ascospores 1-septate, often with slightly unequal cells, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, straight or slightly curved, (7-)9-16(-18) x 2-3.5 µm. Pycnidia immersed to emergent-stalked, grey to black, the wall greenish, K+ violet. Conidia of three types: i) macroconidia, curved, (1-)3 septate, 12-24 x 1 µm; ii) mesoconidia, simple, 2.5-4.5 x 1-2 µm, extruded as a white mass from the ostiole; iii) microconidia, simple, 5-7.5 x 0.5-1 µm. Photobiont micareoid, thin-walled, the cells 4-7 μm wide. Spot tests: Thallus, apothecial and pycnidial sections K- or K+ violet, C+ red, KC+ red, P- (reactions best visible under the microscope). Chemistry: gyrophoric acid.

Note: a cool-temperate to circumboreal-montane, very polymorphic species, most common on wooden poles in the mountains, on fallen trunks and stumps of coniferous and broad-leaved trees, rarer on the bark of conifers; widespread throughout the Alps and the Apennines, to be looked for in the mountains of Sicily.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual, or asexual by conidia and thalloconidia

Pioneer species

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: rather common

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rather rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm

France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (9407)
2001/11/27

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 9407

Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo

Italy

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[17988], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Wangen, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Str. 14, 48.72438° N, 9.60360° E, 370 m, auf altem Markisenstoff. TK 7223/4. Leg. Schumm 27.04.2012, det. Aptroot 2012

Curtis Randall Björk – CC BY-SA 4.0

British Columbia, Clearwater Valley Date: 2012-04-04 On wood of fence post in garden

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 9407

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 9407

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 9407

Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0

TSB 9407

Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0

[16045], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Göppingen, Jebenhausen, auf Birke, ca. 350 m

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php . Courtesy: Anita Stridvall

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm

France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm

France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm

France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_M/Texte_M/Micarea_denigrata.htm

France, Haute-Loire - (43) - Conservatoire Botanique CBNMC, alt : 700 m Chavaniac-Lafayette
4/3/2016

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1036&lang=en

France, Sur le bois d'une épave, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en

France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en

France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en

France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en

France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1037&lang=en

France, Sur bois peint, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en

France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en

France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1038&lang=en

France, Sur métal peint avec son cortège d'algues, Landévennec

Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder

Central Europe; Germany: Hesse. (Collected by E. Heerd). on weathered fences