Acarospora glaucocarpa (Ach.) Körb.

Parerga Lichenol., 1: 57, 1859. Basionym: Parmelia glaucocarpa Ach. - Meth. Lich.: 182, 1803.
Synonyms: Acarospora castanea (DC.) Körb.; Acarospora cervina var. glaucocarpa (Ach.) Körb.; Acarospora theobromina Hue p.p.; Urceolaria castanea DC.
Distribution: N - Frl, Ven (Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003c, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008c), TAA (Nascimbene 2003, 2008b, Nascimbene 2005b, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2022, Spitale & Nascimbene 2012), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2003, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008), Lig. C - Tosc, Marc, Umb (Ravera & al. 2006), Abr (Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar. S - Camp (Altieri & al. 2000, Roccardi & Ricci 2006, Garofalo & al. 2010), Pugl, Bas (TSB 22126), Cal (Puntillo 2011), Si (Grillo & Caniglia 2004).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, areolate-subsquamulose, often forming extensive patches. Areoles contiguous or more or less overlapping, 0.5-4 mm wide, rather thick, rounded or angular to slightly lobed, flat to convex, smooth to slightly roughened, pale to medium brown, matt, epruinose or slightly pruinose, usually white by erosion at margins, the underside whitish, sometimes reduced to a margin-like rim around individual apothecia. Cortex 35-70(-90) μm thick; algal layer 90-200 μm thick, irregular, discontinuous and interrupted by hyphal bundles, often penetrating the medulla in tooth-like columns; medulla greyish, filled by masses of crystals. Apothecia 1-4.5 mm across, immersed, 1(-3) per areole, with a dark brown to reddish brown (when wet), epruinose or heavily pruinose, smooth disc at first reducing the areole to a thalline margin and then excluding it, leaving a margin consisting of the proper exciple only (thus appearing lecideine). Proper exciple expanding around the disc, 35-150 μm thick, brown, IKI-; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless, 60-80(-120) μm high, the hymenial gel euamyloid, IKI+ persistently dark blue; paraphyses stout, 2-3 μm thick at mid-level, barely expanded at apex, with a brown cap; hypothecium colourless, 30-50 μm high. Asci 100-200-spored, clavate, the apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid to cylindrical, 3-5(-6) x 1-1.5(-2) μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a widespread, probably holarctic species found on the top of more or less calcareous boulders in natural habitats, sometimes overgrowing other crustose lichens, with a wide altitudinal range but most common in upland areas; closely related to A. cervina, perhaps more frequent in less exposed situations. See also note on A. cervina.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather rare
Oromediterranean belt: common
Montane belt: very common
Submediterranean belt: rather common
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (35702)
2003/01/22
apothecia



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Dolomiti Ampezzane, Region of Veneto, Italy
2005


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/
As A. cervina s.lat.


Magnusson A. H. (1935) Acarosporaceae, Thelocarpaceae. - In: Rabenhorst G. L.: Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Österreich, und der Schweiz-. 2nd- IX. Die Flechten. Abt. 5- 1. Gebr. Borntraeger. Leipzig, pp. 1-318. – Public Domain


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_A/Textes_A3/Acarospora_glaucocarpa_glauco.htm
France, Bief de la Ruine, Foncine-le-Haut, 920 m - Jura
24/10/2016


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/flora/?procedure=img_ins2&species_id=24
France, Provence, Grambois


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/flora/?procedure=img_ins2&species_id=24
France, Provence, Grambois


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: https://italic.units.it/flora/?procedure=img_ins2&species_id=24
France, Provence, Grambois