ITALIC 8.0

Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube & Matzer

Bibl. Lichenol., 68: 10, 1997.

Synonyms: Bryostigma phaeophysciae (Grube & Matzer) S.Y. Kondr. & J.-S. Hur

Distribution: N - Frl (Brackel 2013), TAA (Ravera & al. 2023b), Emil (Herb. von Brackel 402). C - Laz (Herb. von Brackel 404).

Description: Thallus inapparent, not lichenized, the hyphae developing inside the thalli of Phaeophyscia-species; strongly infected parts of the hosts become necrotic and blackened and may be covered in thallospores of the parasite. Apothecia arthonioid, emarginate, breaking through the upper cortex of the host, more or less round, 0.1-0.3 mm across, with a black, sometimes grey-pruinose (remains of the epinecral layer of the host), flat to slightly convex disc, without a proper margin. Proper exciple poorly developed; epithecium pale olive-brown, 10-25 µm high; hymenium colourless, 30-40 µm high, I+ red, K/I+ bluish then reddish; paraphysoids branched and anastomosing, vertically oriented, 2-3 µm thick; hypothecium colourless to pale brown, 20-25 µm high, K+ grey. Asci 8-spored, broadly clavate to subglobose, semi-fissitunicate, with a large, non-amyloid apical dome, a distinct ocular chamber, and an amyloid ring-structure in tholus, Arthonia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, very slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, obovate, 12-14 x 4-6 µm, with a gelatinous epispore. Photobiont absent. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a lichenicolous fungus, commensalistic or weakly parasitic on the thalli of Phaeophyscia-species, especially P. orbicularis; perhaps more widespread throughout Italy, at least in the North, below the subalpine belt; the species, however, seems to be rare south of the Alps, (von Brackel in litt.).

Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus

Substrata: bark

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

paras Phaeophyscia spp.

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: very rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: extremely rare

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Mark Powell CC BY-SA-NC Source: http://fungi.myspecies.info/all-fungi/arthonia-phaeophysciae