Nephroma resupinatum (L.) Ach.

Lichenogr. Univ.: 522, 1810. Basionym: Lichen resupinatus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1148, 1753.
Synonyms: Nephroma filarszkyanum Gyeln.; Nephroma papyraceum (Hoffm.) De Not.; Nephroma rameum A. Massal.; Nephroma resupinatum f. helvum A. Massal.; Nephroma resupinatum var. tomentosum (Hoffm.) Rabenh.; Nephroma tomentosum (Hoffm.) Flot.; Nephromium resupinatum (L.) Arnold; Nephromium tomentosum (Hoffm.) Nyl.; Peltidea resupinata (L.) Ach.; Peltigera resupinata (L.) DC.
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Molaro 2007), Ven (Lazzarin 2000b, Nascimbene & Marini 2010), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2006e, 2007b), Lomb (Ravera & al. 2021b, Gheza & al. 2022, 2023), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, 2007), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Tretiach & al. 2008, Brackel 2015, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Benesperi & al. 2007, Benesperi 2011, Brackel 2015), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Umb (Ravera 1998, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Ravera 2001, Brackel 2015), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2015, Corona & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Sar. S - Camp (Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Blasi & al. 2010, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Potenza 2006, Potenza & Fascetti 2010, Brackel 2011, Ravera & al. 2021c), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Czeczuga & al. 1994, Ravera & al. 2021c).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, loosely adnate, forming 3-10 cm wide rosettes. Lobes 5-15 mm wide, elongate, entire or crenulate at margins, sometimes ascending and rarely with marginal or laminal phyllidia, the upper surface grey to grey-brown when dry, much darker when wet, dull, usually strongly pubescent; surface pale brown to whitish, densely tomentose, with scattered, raised, white papillae. Upper and lower cortex pseudoparenchymatous; medulla white. Apothecia common, immersed on lower surface at tips of lobes, up to 15 mm across, cup-shaped, sessile, with a brown disc and a prominent, foveolate-reticulate, usually finely hairy thalloid dorsal surface. Epithecium brownish; paraphyses coherent; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, fissitunicate, the thickened apex with a K/I+ blue ring, Peltigera-type. Ascospores 3-septate, pale brown, fusiform, thin-walled, 21-24 x 4-6 µm. Pycnidia rare, black, mainly marginal, immersed, punctiform. Conidia bacilliform, 4-5 x 1-2 µm, Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, the cells not in long chains). Spot tests: upper cortex and medulla: K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a mainly temperate, holarctic lichen found on mossy trunks, rocks, more rarely on soil, in cool and sheltered habitats, with optimum in humid beech forests; widespread throughout the country, but rare. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Near-threatened” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9013)
2001/11/27
detail of lower surface with tomentum



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34835)
2002/02/16
white papillae on undersurface



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9013)
2001/11/27



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36956)
2008.02.28



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36956)
2008.02.28



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36956)
2008.02.28



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (36956)
2008.02.28



Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0
Stelvio National Park, Reg. Trentino-Alto Adige Prov. Trento, Italy.
07.2005


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Drôme


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=373&lang=en
France, Jura


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Alps.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Alps.


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Alps.