ITALIC 8.0

Opegrapha vulpina Vondrák, Kocourk. & Tretiach

in Vondrák & Kocourková, Lichenologist, 40: 177, 2008.

Synonyms:

Distribution: C - Marc (Vondrák & Kocourková 2008, Brackel 2016), Abr (Vondrák & Kocourková 2008, Brackel 2016).

Description: Thallus inapparent, not lichenized, the hyphae developing inside the thalli of Pyrenodesmia-species, especially P. erodens. Apothecia round, black, usually gathered into irregular dark patches on the host thallus, sessile, (0.11-)0.2-0.3 mm across, with a finally slightly expanded, epruinose disc and a thin, slightly raised proper margin. Proper exciple black, carbonized, (20-)48-70 µm thick, broader in upper part, formed of paraplectenchymatous thick-walled cells in outer part, of elongated cells in the part adjacent to the hymenium; epithecium covered with brown granules which are insoluble in K and N, I+ blue; hymenium colourless, (70-)90-110 µm high, I+ reddish, K/I+ blue; paraphysoids strongly branched and anastomosing, 2-2.5 µm thick, the apical cells, brown-pigmented, up to 5.5 µm wide; subhymenium pale brown to colourless, 30-40 µm high, prosoplectenchymatous, sometimes inspersed with oil droplets, I+ reddish; hypothecium brown-black, 20-30 µm high; hypothecium brown-black. Asci 8-spored, narrowly clavate, with a tholus and internal apical beak, Opegrapha-type. Ascospores 3-septate, hyaline turning brown when overmature, narrowly ellipsoid to slightly clavate, (11.5-)14-18 x 5-8 µm, with a 0.5-1 µm thick, sometimes poorly evident gelatinous perispore. Pycnidia black, semi-immersed. Conidia narrowly ellipsoid to bacilliform, rarely somewhat curved, (3-)4.5-5 x 1-1.2 µm. Photobiont absent. Spot tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a recently-described lichenicolous fungus growing inside the thalli of Pyrenodesmia-species, especially P. erodens.

Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus

Substrata: rocks

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very rare

Subalpine belt: very rare

Oromediterranean belt: very rare

Montane belt: common

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Index Fungorum GBIF

Source: Jan VONDRAK and Jana KOCOURKOVA, The Lichenologist 40(3): 171–184 (2008)

A, strongly infected host thallus (isotype); B & C, details of apothecia (B isotype, C holotype); D, section of an apothecium; E, ascus; F, young ascospores with perispore (CBFS JV4979). Scales: A=5 mm; B & C=1 mm; D=50 µm; E & F=10 µm.