ITALIC 8.0

Arthonia squamarinae Etayo

Cryptog. Mycol., 29: 69, 2008.

Synonyms:

Distribution: C - Tosc (Brackel 2015, 2016), Sar (Brackel & Berger 2019).

Description: Thallus inapparent, not lichenized, forming discoloured patches on the thalli of Squamarina-species. Apothecia arthonioid, emarginate, black, epruinose, convex and cushion-like, irregularly rounded to slightly lobulate, at first immersed, then erumpent through the cortex of the host lichen, finally sessile and sometimes slightly constricted at base, 0.3-0.5 mm across, up to 150 μm tall. Proper exciple very poorly developed; epithecium olive-brown, K+ intensifying green, N-; hymenium colourless to olive-green, 40-50 μm high, I+ red, K/I+ red; paraphysoids branched and anastomosing, the apical cells slightly swollen; hypothecium dark olive brown, K+ greenish, N-. Asci (2-4-)8-spored, broadly clavate, semi-fissitunicate, with a large apical dome and a distinct ocular chamber, Arthonia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, with a cell wider and longer than the other, not or only slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, soleiform, (12.5-)13.5-17(-20) x 4.5-5.5 μm, smooth-walled, without a gelatinous perispore. Photobiont absent. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: this lichenicolous fungus was known so far only from a few localities in Spain and France, where it was found on the thallus of Squamarina lentigera and S. cartilaginea; the sample from Tuscany was on S. gypsacea, that from Sardinia on S. lentigera.

Growth form: Lichenicolous fungus

Substrata: rocks, soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

paras Squamarina spp.

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: absent

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: absent

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Source: J. Etayo - Líquenes y hongos liquenícolas del LIC de Ablitas (S. Navarra, España). Cryptogamie, Mycologie, 2008, 29 (1): 63-94

(holótipo). A, sección vertical del ascoma erumpente en el talo de Squamarina lentigera. B, ascósporas. Escalas: A = 100 μm; B = 5 μm; C = 10 μm