Peltigera canina (L.) Willd.

Fl. Berol. Prodr.: 347, 1787. Basionym: Lichen caninus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1149, 1753.
Synonyms: Lichen caninus var. cinereus Weiss; Lichen terrestris Lam.; Peltidea canina (L.) Ach.; Peltidea canina var. albescens Wahlenb.; Peltigera canina var. cinerea (Weiss) Gyeln.; Peltigera canina var. vulgaris Duby; Peltigera leucorrhiza Flörke; Peltigera suomensis Gyeln.; Peltigera suomensis var. norrlandica Gyeln.
Distribution: N - VG (Vitikainen 1994), Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000, Tretiach & Molaro 2007), Ven (Vitikainen 1994, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2003c, Nascimbene & Marini 2010), TAA (Vitikainen 1994, Nascimbene 2001b, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2022), Lomb (Philippi 1983, Valcuvia & al. 2003, Valcuvia & Truzzi 2007b, Gheza & al. 2022), Piem (E.C.I. 1, 516: Vitikainen 1994, Isocrono & al. 2003, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, CIrlincione & al. 2022), VA (Siniscalco 1995, Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999, Matteucci & al. 2008c), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999). C - Tosc (Munzi & al. 2014b), Marc, Umb (Genovesi & al. 2002, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz, Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Corona & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Sar (Vitikainen 1994, Loi & al. 2000). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl, Bas (Potenza 2006, Potenza & Fascetti 2012), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Schicchi & al. 1997, Brackel 2008b, Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus foliose, broad-lobed, heteromerous and dorsiventral, grey to brownish grey when dry, blackish green when wet, loosely attached, forming up to 30 cm wide rosettes. Lobes elongate, flattened, contiguous, with rounded ends, (1-)1.5-3 cm broad, up to 10 cm long, the upper surface arachnoid-tomentose especially along margins, which are often down-turned and entire. Lower surface whitish, with whitish (at the margin) to brownish (in the centre), raised veins and richly penicillated (brush-like), up to 4 mm long rhizines which are white at the margins, dark toward the centre. Upper cortex pseudoparenchymatous; medulla white; lower cortex absent. Apothecia frequent, saddle-shaped, terminal, dark brown to black. Paraphyses simple, distinctly thickened above. Asci 8-spored, Peltigera-type, fissitunicate, the thickened apex with a K/I+ blue ring. Ascospores 3-5-septate, hyaline to very pale brown at maturity, acicular, thin-walled, (36-)42-53(-65) x 2.5-5.2 µm. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, the cells not in long chains). Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: a widespread holarctic species found on terricolous mosses and soil in open forests and heaths, sometimes on bark in the basal parts of old trees; certainly rarer than P. praetextata, with which it was often confused in the past, but widespread and locally common, with a wide altitudinal range.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: rare
Montane belt: rather common
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: extremely rare
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (10746)
2001/12/05
rhizines



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (211)
2003/03/03
apothecium



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (111)
2003/03/03
detail of lower surface with rhizines



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[1268], Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Großes Lautertal, TK 7723. Leg. Schumm 18.09.1962, det. Schumm 1962 (test. 1999).



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[1268], Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Großes Lautertal, TK 7723. Leg. Schumm 18.09.1962, det. Schumm 1962 (test. 1999).



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[1268], Baden-Württemberg, Schwäbische Alb, Großes Lautertal, TK 7723. Leg. Schumm 18.09.1962, det. Schumm 1962 (test. 1999).


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.


Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Hôpital-Camfrout


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Pointe de Treberon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Commana


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Commana


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, La Roya


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, La Roya


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=212&lang=en
France, La Roya