Pertusaria hymenea (Ach.) Schaer.
Lich. Helv. Spicil., 7: 353, 1836. Basionym: Lichen hymeneus Ach. - Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr.: 80, 1799.
Synonyms: Pertusaria fallax (Ach.) Howitt; Pertusaria fallax f. fertilis Garov.; Pertusaria hymenea f. glabrescens (Nyl.) Oxner; Pertusaria lecanorodes Erichsen; Pertusaria sublecanorodes Werner; Pertusaria wulfenii DC.; Pertusaria wulfenii f. carnea Fr.; Pertusaria wulfenii var. fallax (Ach.) Th. Fr.; Porina fallax Ach.; Porina rugosa Ach.
Distribution: N - VG, Ven (Nascimbene & Marini 2010), TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b, 2022, Nimis & al. 2015), Lomb (Gheza & al. 2023), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), Emil (Nimis & al. 1996, Benesperi 2009, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Castello & al. 1994, Putortì & al. 1999b, Giordani & al. 2001, 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi & Putortì 1995b, Loppi 1995c, 1996, 1996b, Loppi & De Dominicis 1996, Loppi & al. 1997, 1997b, 1998b, 2002c, 2004c, 2006, Loppi & Nascimbene 1998, 2010, Putortì & al. 1998, 1999, Putortì & Loppi 1999b, Loppi & Frati 2006, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Benesperi 2011, Brunialti & al. 2012b, Paoli & al. 2012, Benesperi & al. 2013, Brackel 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2015, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc (Frati & Brunialti 2006), Umb (Ravera 1998, Panfili 2000b, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Ravera 2001, 2002, Massari & Ravera 2002, Ruisi & al. 2005, Munzi & al. 2007, Zucconi & al. 2013, Brackel 2015), Abr (Olivieri & al. 1997, 1997b, Caporale & al. 2016), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Loi & al. 2000, Zedda & Sipman 2001, Zedda & al. 2001, Rizzi & al. 2011, Stofer 2006, Cossu 2013, Brackel & Berger 2019, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Ricciardi & al. 2000, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, 2011, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Catalano & al. 2010, 2016, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Potenza 2006), Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004, Incerti & Nimis 2006, Brackel & Puntillo 2016), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, 1996b, Grillo & al. 2002, Grillo & Caniglia 2004).
Description: Thallus crustose, continuous to irregularly cracked, very variable in colour, from grey to yellow-grey, smooth or rugose-plicate, epruinose. Apothecia lecanorine, immersed in 0.4-3.0 mm wide, basally slightly constricted thalline warts, crowded and locally fused (2-4) in mutually deformed groups, at first almost perithecioid, but the disc soon expanding to 0.3-0.6 (1.8) mm, forming a pseudolecanorate, blackish brown, often grey-pruinose disc. Epithecium dark brown to black, K+ violet; hymenium colourless; paraphyses lax, branched and richly anastomosed; hypothecium colourless or yellowish. Asci (6-)8-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex with a broad ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I-, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to fusiform, 60-110(-130) x 25-50 µm., with a 2-layered, 6-10 µm thick, zoned and non-striate wall, the apices up to 28 µm thick. Pycnidia immersed, with a pale ostiole. Conidia bacilliform, 7-15(-25) x 0.5-1.0 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ pale yellow, C- or C+ yellow, KC+ orange, P-, UV+ orange. Chemistry: thiophaninic acid (major), gyrophoric acid (minor), and a xanthone. Note: a mainly mild-temperate lichen, rare in Northern Italy, still common in the Apennines, with optimum on old oaks in open stands; in the beech belt of Southern Italy it is confined to isolated trees in sunny situations.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid mediterranean belt: common
Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32171)
2001/12/07
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
1: thiophaninic acid, minor spots are due to terpenes in the Fagus bark, conf. J.A. Elix
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain
P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 31964
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rather common
Humid mediterranean belt: common
Dry mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (32171)
2001/12/07
Harry Taylor; Owner: Natural History Museum London
Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[1331], Frankreich, Korsika, Lichenes Corsicani, Distr. Vizzavona, inter Col de Vizzavona et Vizzavona, ca. 1100 m. Fagicola. Leg. J. Lambinon & A. Vezda 2.07.1969, det. A.Vezda
1: thiophaninic acid, minor spots are due to terpenes in the Fagus bark, conf. J.A. Elix
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Leif Stridvall - Source http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/; Owner: Courtesy: Anita Stridvall
Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain
