ITALIC 8.0

Pertusaria pupillaris (Nyl.) Th. Fr.

Lichenogr. Scand., 1: 305, 1871. Basionym: Lecanora pupillaris Nyl. - Lichenes Scand.: 167, 1861.

Synonyms:

Distribution: N - TAA (Nascimbene 2005, 2014, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, 2008c, 2014, 2022, Thor & Nascimbene 2007, Nascimbene & Marini 2015, Nimis & al. 2015, Trindade & al. 2021). C - Tosc. S - Cal (van den Boom & Giralt 2002).

Description: Thallus crustose, very thin, usually endosubstratic in the esorediate parts, whitish grey to dark grey, continuous, sorediate, forming regular to irregular, up to a few cm wide patches, unzoned and without a distinct prothallus. Soralia whitish or faintly yellow-white, mostly discrete, sometimes concentrically arranged, more or less orbicular and excavate-ulcerose to flat, rarely somewhat convex, to 0.5(-0.8) mm across. Soredia mostly farinose, up to 40 μm in diam., sometimes gathered into larger, rounded to elongate up to 80 μm wide consoredia. Apothecia rare, lecanorine, immersed in thalline warts, usually 1 per wart, with a brown-black, epruinose disc and a prominent, sometimes sorediate, often finally excluded thalline margin. Epithecium olive-green, K+ violet; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex with a broad ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I-, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 10-14 x 7-11 µm, the wall c. 1 µm thick. Pycnidia convex, the ostiolum blackish, becoming widely gaping, the pigment green, K+ violet. Conidia bacilliform, 4-6 x c. l μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: soralia K+ yellowish then dirty brown-red, C-, KC- or KC+ yellow-red, P+ orange-red to rust-red, UV+ faintly whitish blue. Chemistry: fumarprotocetraric acid (major), protocetraric acid (trace).

Note: a temperate to southern boreal-montane, perhaps holarctic lichen found on hard lignum and smooth bark; overlooked, being almost always sterile, and perhaps more widespread, albeit never common, in upland areas of Italy; to be looked for throughout the Alps.

Growth form: Crustose

Substrata: bark and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)

Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: extremely rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 39919

Elena Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

TSB 39919)

Elena Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

TSB 39919)

Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain

Elena Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

TSB 39919)