Pertusaria pustulata (Ach.) Duby

Bot. Gall., 2, 2: 673, 1830. Basionym: Porina pustulata Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 309, 1810.
Synonyms: Pertusaria melaleuca (Turner & Borrer) Duby; Pertusaria melaleuca var. glabrata (Anzi) H. Olivier; Pertusaria wulfenii var. cerasi Jatta; Pertusaria wulfenii var. glabrata Anzi; Variolaria pustulata
Distribution: N - VG (Craighero 2010), Frl, Ven, TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Giordani & Malaspina 2016), Lig (Giordani & al. 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Giordani 2006, Giordani & Incerti 2008). C - Tosc (Loppi & al. 2002b, Stofer 2006, Brunialti & Frati 2010, Brunialti & al. 2012b, Frati & Brunialti 2023), Marc, Umb (Ravera 1998, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Massari & Ravera 2002, Ravera 2006c, 2008b, Ruisi & al. 2005, Craighero 2010, Zucconi & al. 2013), Abr (Stofer 2006), Mol (Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Rizzi & al. 2011, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Craighero 2010, Garofalo & al. 2010, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013), Pugl, Bas (Potenza & al. 2014), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Stofer 2006), Si (Stofer 2006).
Description: Thallus crustose, continuous to finely cracked-areolate, yellowish-grey to green-grey, smooth to finely tuberculate, somewhat shiny, epruinose, sometimes delimited by a thin, unzoned, pale prothallus. Apothecia perithecioid, immersed in 0.3-1.3 mm wide, flattened, basally expanded thalline warts, opening through a darker ostiole (1-4 per wart) which later expands and is surrounded by the torn margin of the wart. Epithecium dark brown to black, K-; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses lax, branched and richly anastomosed. Asci 2-spored, broadly cylindrical, the apex with a broad ocular chamber, the outer sheath K/I+ blue, otherwise K/I-, with an inner extensible layer, Pertusaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid to subcylindrical, (40-)45-80(-150) x (20-)26-40(-48) µm, with a 1.5-4 µm thick, finely ornamented, 2-layered wall. Pycnidia immersed. Conidia bacilliform, 9-16 x 1-1.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K+ yellow, C+ yellow-orange, KC+ yellow, P+ yellow to orange, UV+ yellow-orange to orange-red. Chemistry: 2-chloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone and stictic acid (both major), plus various amounts of stictic acid, norstictic acid and constictic acids.
Note: a mainly temperate species found on deciduous trees with smooth bark, especially Carpinus and Fagus, more rarely on deciduous oaks in moist woodlands; most frequent in Northern Italy and in upland areas of the South, but also occurring near the coast in humid situations.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rather rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Camaret



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9413)
2001/11/28



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m


Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain


Erichsen C.F.E. 1936. Pertusariaceae. - In: Dr. L. Rabenhorsts Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Bd. IX, Abt. 5, T. 1. Akad. Verlagsges., Leipzig, pp. 321-512, 513-728. - Public Domain


Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Loperhet


Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Loperhet


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Camaret



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[14964], Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Kreis Tübingen, Wald zwischen Dettenhausen und Bebenhausen, 450 m


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Camaret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Camaret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Camaret


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Châteaulin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Châteaulin


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Loperhet


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Crozon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Crozon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Crozon


Henri Robert - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Belle-Ile-en-Mer


Henri Robert - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Belle-Ile-en-Mer


Henri Robert - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=828&lang=en
France, Belle-Ile-en-Mer


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse. (Collected by Graf zu Solms; 1869! Identificated by Eichler/Cezanne).