Placidium lachneum (Ach.) B. de Lesd.

Placidium lachneum (Ach.) B. de Lesd.

Ann. Cryptog. Exot., 5: 100, 1932. Basionym: Lichen lachneus Ach. - Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr.: 140, 1799.

Synonyms: Catapyrenium lachneum (Ach.) R. Sant.; Dermatocarpon lachneum (Ach.) A.L. Sm.; Endopyrenium lachneum (Ach.) Hav.

Distribution: N - Frl (TSB 16129), Ven (Nascimbene 2008c), TAA, Lomb (Ravera & al. 2022b), Piem (Hafellner & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & al. 2004). C - Umb (Genovesi & al. 2002, Ravera & al. 2006), Laz (Herb. Ravera 4891), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Di Nuzzo & al. 2021, Gheza & al. 2021, Vallese & al. 2022).

Description: Thallus squamulose, the squamules 2-6(-8) mm broad, 0.24-0.6 mm thick, rounded to crenate, flattened to mostly concave, smooth, with a thicker, up-turned, often darker margin; upper surface medium reddish brown to dark brown, dull; lower surface black, attached by 5-8 µm thick, mostly pale rhizohyphae. Upper cortex paraplectenchymatous, 40-60 µm thick, with a very thin or without an epinecral layer; medulla prosoplectenchymatous, of filamentous, 3-5 µm thick hyphae; lower cortex clearly delimited from the medulla, 30-125 µm thick, of (8-)15-28 µm wide, angular cells arranged in vertical rows, the lowermost ones with a black pigment. Perithecia laminal, broadly pyriform, up to 0.6 mm across, immersed in the squamules, without involucrellum. Exciple pale throughout; paraphyses absent, substituted by periphyses measuring 40-50 x 2.5-3.5 μm. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical, thin-walled, non-amyloid and without an ocular chamber, 70-90 x 12-15 μm. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, thin-walled, 12-18 x 6-8 μm, uniseriately arranged in the asci. Pycnidia multilocular, Dermatocarpon-type, marginal, prominent and knotty, black, 200-400(-600) µm in diam. Conidia bacilliform, 5-7 x 1-2 μm. Photobiont chlorococcoid (Myrmecia). Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.

Note: a mainly boreal-montane to arctic-alpine, circumpolar lichen found on terricolous bryophytes and on more or less organic calciferous soil in upland areas, reaching the nival belt in the Alps, also occurring in the central Apennines.

Growth form: Squamulose

Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather common

Subalpine belt: rather rare

Oromediterranean belt: rare

Montane belt: extremely rare

Submediterranean belt: absent

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: absent

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 32933

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (32933)
2003/02/14

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (32933)
2001/12/08

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Luca di Nuzzo CC BY 4.0

Italy, Lombardy, Bergamo, Vilminore di Scalve, Leg.: Gabriele Gheza. Det.: Luca di Nuzzo
09.2021

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Placidium_lachneum.htm

France, 29/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Carrière du Paradis - Savoie

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Placidium_lachneum.htm

France, 29/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Carrière du Paradis - Savoie

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Placidium_lachneum.htm

France, 29/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Carrière du Paradis - Savoie

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Placidium_lachneum.htm

France, 29/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Carrière du Paradis - Savoie

Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_2/Placidium_lachneum.htm

France, 29/8/2013 - Mont Cenis - Carrière du Paradis - Savoie

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