Acarospora hilaris (Dufour ex Nyl.) Hue

Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 5 1: 113, 1909. Basionym: Lecanora hilaris Dufour ex Nyl. - Not. Sallsk. Fauna Fl. Fenn. Förh., 5: 177, 1861.
Synonyms: Placodium chlorophanum var. hilare (Dufour ex Nyl.) Boistel
Distribution: C - Tosc (Tretiach 1993), Sar (Tretiach 1993). S - Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1996b, Grillo & Caniglia 2004).
Description: Thallus crustose-placodioid, episubstratic, bright lemon yellow, slightly glossy, epruinose, forming orbicular to irregular, often confluent rosettes covering wide surfaces, the central parts of contiguous, angular, flat to slightly convex areoles, the marginal lobes radiating, flat or weakly convex, 1-2(-4) x 0.3-0.6(-1) mm. Medulla white; algal layer continuous. Apothecia lecanorine, immersed in the areoles (1-3 per areole), with a punctiform, dark brown disc and a poorly evident thalline margin. Epithecium brownish; hymenium colourless, 85-100 µm high; paraphyses 1.5-2 µm thick at base, the apical cells hardly swollen; hypothecium colourless. Asci 100-200-spored, broadly ellipsoid, the apical dome K/I-. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 3-6 x c. 2 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, the cortex UV+ orange. Chemistry: cortex with rhizocarpic acid, rarely with epanorin.
Note: a xeric subtropical species found on vertical, often rain-sheltered faces of hard siliceous rocks, restricted to the driest parts of Mediterranean Italy. Chemically heterogeneous (epanorin or rhizocarpic acid).
Growth form: Crustose placodiomorph
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
In underhangs rarely wetted by rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely rare
Dry mediterranean belt: very rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
DOLICHENS


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR21], Italia, Sicilia: Pollina urbs, loco "Final" dicto, 80 m. Ad saxa granitica. Leg. et det. D. Puntillo, 30.03.1991. Ex A. Vezda: Lichenes Rariores Exsiccati Nr. 21.



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (20400)
2001/12/22



Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo
Italy, Herb. Puntillo 12968



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR21], Italia, Sicilia: Pollina urbs, loco "Final" dicto, 80 m. Ad saxa granitica. Leg. et det. D. Puntillo, 30.03.1991. Ex A. Vezda: Lichenes Rariores Exsiccati Nr. 21.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR21], Italia, Sicilia: Pollina urbs, loco "Final" dicto, 80 m. Ad saxa granitica. Leg. et det. D. Puntillo, 30.03.1991. Ex A. Vezda: Lichenes Rariores Exsiccati Nr. 21.



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (20400)
2001/11/20



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR21], Italia, Sicilia: Pollina urbs, loco "Final" dicto, 80 m. Ad saxa granitica. Leg. et det. D. Puntillo, 30.03.1991. Ex A. Vezda: Lichenes Rariores Exsiccati Nr. 21.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2379], Italia. Sardinia. Prov. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte Arcosu, in valle rivi 8 km ad orientem a domo foretali Casa Pedu Melis, 1800 m. Ad saxa silicea, Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux. M. Tretiach & A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2379.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2379], Italia. Sardinia. Prov. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte Arcosu, in valle rivi 8 km ad orientem a domo foretali Casa Pedu Melis, 1800 m. Ad saxa silicea, Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux. M. Tretiach & A. Vezda. EX A. VEZDA LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2379.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ1902], Hispania.Prov. Zaragoza: In faucibus Jalón, 5 km ad septentriones et occidentem ab Embid de la Ribera, 450 m. Ad saxa quarzitica. Leg. J.T. Corbin & A. Vezda, 24.05.1983. - Ex A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1902.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ1902], Hispania.Prov. Zaragoza: In faucibus Jalón, 5 km ad septentriones et occidentem ab Embid de la Ribera, 450 m. Ad saxa quarzitica. Leg. J.T. Corbin & A. Vezda, 24.05.1983. - Ex A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1902.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ1186], Gallia, Var: Hyéres, Le Fenouillet, 250 m. Ad saxa schistosa et quartzitica. Leg. Y. Rondon, 29.3.1973. Ex A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1186.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ1186], Gallia, Var: Hyéres, Le Fenouillet, 250 m. Ad saxa schistosa et quartzitica. Leg. Y. Rondon, 29.3.1973. Ex A. VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 1186.