ITALIC 8.0

Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf var. furfuracea

Beih. Bot. Centralbl., 14: 124, 1903. Basionym: Lichen furfuraceus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1146, 1753.

Synonyms: Borrera furfuracea (L.) Ach.; Evernia furfuracea (L.) W. Mann; Parmelia furfuracea (L.) Ach.; Parmelia furfuracea f. elongata (Sambo) Zahlbr.; Parmelia furfuracea f. laricicola Gyeln.; Parmelia furfuracea var. cincinnata (Sambo) Zahlbr.; Parmelia soralifera (Bitter) Lynge; Pseudevernia soralifera (Bitter) Zopf

Distribution: N - VG (Castello 1996, 2002, Martellos 2003, Agnorelli & al. 2004, Martellos & Castello 2004, Castello & Skert 2005), Frl (Badin & Nimis 1996, Tretiach & Hafellner 2000, Martellos 2003, Castello & Skert 2005, Crisafulli & al. 2005, Tretiach & al. 2005, 2007, 2011, Rinino & al. 2005, Rinino 2006, Tretiach & Molaro 2007, Adamo & al. 2008, Bertuzzi & Tretiach 2013, Giordano & al. 2013, Cecconi & al. 2025), Ven (Caniglia & al. 1993b, 1999, Nimis 1994, Calliari & al. 1995, Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, 2000b, 2002c, 2003c, Lazzarin 1997, 2000, Adamo & al. 2003b, Martellos 2003, Nascimbene 2005c, 2008, 2008c, 2011, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, 2007, 2009c, 2010b, 2014b, Nascimbene & Marini 2007, 2010, Brackel 2013, Kodnik & al. 2015), TAA (Follmann & Schulz 1993, Nascimbene & Caniglia 2000b, 2002c, Caniglia & al. 2002, Martellos 2003, Nascimbene 2001b, 2003, 2005b, 2006b, 2006c, 2008b, 2014, Gottardini & al. 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2005, 2006, 2006e, 2007b, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2014b, 2022, Stofer 2006, Brackel 2013, Lang 2009, Nascimbene & Marini 2015, Nimis & al. 2015, Trindade & al. 2021), Lomb (Rivellini 1994, Alessio & al. 1995, Arosio & Rinaldi 1995, Valcuvia & Gianatti 1995, Brusoni & al. 1997, Zocchi & al. 1997, Roella 1999, Brusoni & Valcuvia 2000, Casarini & al. 2000, Arosio & al. 2003, Martellos 2003, Valcuvia & al. 2003, Dalle Vedove & al. 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2006e, Bergamaschi & al. 2007, Furlanetto 2010, Brackel 2013, Gheza & al. 2015, 2020, 2023, Gheza 2019, 2019b), Piem (Caniglia & al. 1992, Morisi & Sereno 1995, Piervittori & al. 1997, Arosio & al. 1998, Piervittori 1998, 2003, Isocrono & Falletti 1999, Rizzio & al. 2001, Castino 2004, Isocrono & al. 2004, 2006, 2007, Martellos 2003, Isocrono & Ferrarese 2008, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008, Furlanetto 2010, Isocrono & al. 2011, Motiejunaitè & Grochowski 2014), VA (Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Maffei 1996, 2001, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999, Bari & al. 2001, Piervittori & al. 2001, Revel & al. 2001, Ghiraldi 2003, Martellos 2003, Bergamaschi & al. 2004, Isocrono & al. 2005, Matteucci & al. 2008, 2008c, Isocrono & al. 2008, Loppi 2014, Malaspina & al. 2014, 2015, Casale & al. 2015, Lich. Ital. Exs. 42: Isocrono & al. 2020, Burguera & al. 2024), Emil (Dalle Vedove & al. 2002, Martellos 2003, Benesperi 2009, Barba & al. 2012, Brackel 2015, 2025, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999, Giordani & al. 2001, 2002, Brunialti & Giordani 2003, Martellos 2003, Giordani & Incerti 2008, Malaspina & al. 2009, 2014c). C - Tosc (Tretiach & Nimis 1994, Loppi & al. 1997, 1998, Loppi & Nascimbene 1998, Putortì & al. 1998, Tretiach & Ganis 1999, Paoli & Loppi 2001, Laganà & al. 2002, Martellos 2003, Benesperi & al. 2007, Benesperi & Lastrucci 2007, Lastrucci & al. 2009, Benesperi 2011, Brackel 2015, Nascimbene & al. 2015, Grifoni L. & al. 2021), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Martellos 2003), Umb (Ravera 1998, Martellos 2003, Ravera & al. 2006, Panfili 2007, Brackel 2015), Laz (Owczarek & al. 2001, Ravera 2002, Martellos 2003, Guidotti & al. 2003, 2005, 2009, Massari & Ravera 2002, Ruisi & al. 2005, Guidotti & Owczarek 2013, Protano & al. 2014, 2015, Brackel 2015), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Martellos 2003, Brackel 2015, Caporale & al. 2016, Gheza & al. 2021), Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Caporale & al. 2008, Brackel 2020), Sar (Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Nöske 2000, Zedda & Sipman 2001, Martellos 2003, Cossu 2013). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, 2010, Aprile & al. 2002, 2003, 2003b, Martellos 2003, Basile & al. 2008, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Brunialti & al. 2013, Ravera & Brunialti 2013, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl (Thüs & Licht 2006), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Martellos 2003, Potenza 2006, Brackel 2011, Caggiano & al. 2015), Cal (Puntillo 1995, 1996, van den Boom & Giralt 2002, Martellos 2003, Incerti & Nimis 2006, Corapi & al. 2014, Gallo & al. 2014, Lucadamo & al. 2015, Brackel & Puntillo 2016), Si (Ottonello 1996, Czeczuga & al. 1999, Clocchiatti & al. 2000, 2002b, Martellos 2003, Merlo 2004, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, 2006, Ottonello 2005, Falco Scampatelli 2005, Iacolino & Ottonello 2006, Stofer 2006, Brackel 2008b, Carasci & Cataldo 2016, Campisi & al. 2020).

Description: Thallus foliose to subfruticose, of prostrate to ascending, flattened, strap-shaped 1-10(-20) mm wide, several cm long, dichotomously branched lobes which are very variable in size and shape. Upper surface grey to brown in exposed situations, matt, with cylindrical, simple to branched isidia, rarely also with whitish, orbicular, convex soralia; lower surface usually channelled, black in older parts, white near the tips, without rhizines. Upper cortex with a pored epicortex, palisade paraplectenchymatous; medulla white, rather loose, the cell walls containing Cetraria-type lichenan. Apothecia very rare, lecanorine, up to 15 mm across, more or less stalked, often irregular in form and sometimes with split margins, with a brown disc. Epithecium brown; hymenium and hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, elongate-clavate, very thin-walled, with a K/I+ blue, tall tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 7-10 x 4-6 µm. Pycnidia rare, immersed, black. Conidia sublageniform, 5-7 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont: chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P-; medulla K-, C-, KC+ faintly pink, P-, UV-. Chemistry: cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin, medulla with physodic acid.

Note: a cool-temperate to boreal-montane lichen found on acid bark and lignum, occasionally also on siliceous rocks, with optimum in the montane and subalpine belts; abundant only in the Alps, rarer in the Apennines, exceptionally reaching the plains of Northern Italy on very acid substrata. References refer to the species in a broad sense; some records could refer to var. ceratea. According to Hafellner & Obermayer (2004) the occasional sorediate morphs are not worthy of taxonomic recognition.

Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed

Substrata: rocks, bark, and lignum

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by isidia, or isidia-like structures (e.g. schizidia)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: extremely common

Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare

Montane belt: very common

Submediterranean belt: very rare

Padanian area: extremely rare

Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare

Humid mediterranean belt: absent

Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Juri Nascimbene; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m
03.04.2009

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (12146)
2001/11/29
var. soreumatica, detail of soredia

Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu

originally as Pseudevernia furfuracea

P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (36844)
2008.02.25

Tomi Trilar; Owner: Slovenian Museum of Natural History

Bulgaria, Blagoevgrad Province, Sandanski municipality, Slavyanka Mt. (Ali Botusch Mt.)
24.07,2008

Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)

with Pyrenula macrospora

Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)

Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV); Owner: Gabriele Gheza, Tromello (PV)

Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero

Spain
2010

Giancarlo Medici; Owner: Giancarlo Medici

Italy, Modena, Appennino Modenese.
Herbarium: Forum Natura Mediterraneo
2010

Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo

Italy

Domenico Puntillo; Owner: Domenico Puntillo

Italy

Juri Nascimbene - CC BY-SA 4.0; Owner: ITALIC - Dyades Project - Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Monte Bondone
2014

P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04

TSB 14009

J. Nascimbene CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m

J. Nascimbene CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m

J. Nascimbene CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m

J. Nascimbene CC BY-SA 4.0

Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Villa Welsperg, Centro Visitatori del Parco di Paneveggio; altitude: 1030 m

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Austria, Hollergraben
2020

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Austria, Hollergraben
2020

Walter Obermayer CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: Lichens of Noricum - http://lichens-of-noricum.uni-graz.at/

Austria, Hollergraben
2020

Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Corse, L'Ospedale

Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Corse, L'Ospedale

Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Corse, Col de Bavella

Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Corse, Col de Bavella

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Tartagine

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Tartagine

Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Pays Baque, Col d'Iraty

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Mont Ventoux

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Mont Ventoux

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Mont Ventoux

Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=611&lang=en

France, Mont Ventoux

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Ebensfeld

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Hohenfels

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Waidhaus

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Germany, Bavaria, Waidhaus

Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0

Italy, Toscana, Abetone

Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC

Italy, Veneto, in nemore Montello 1855
as Evernia furfuracea

Collezione lichenologica Abramo Massalongo del Museo di Storia Naturale G. Ligabue di Venezia - Autori: Seggi, Linda; Trabucco, Raffaella Proprietà: Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia - CC BY-NC

Italy, Veneto, in alp. Cadubriae (in frutto rarissima)
as Evernia furfuracea

Triin Aimla; Owner: University of Tartu

originally as Pseudevernia furfuracea