Psorinia conglomerata (Ach.) Gotth. Schneid.

Bibl. Lichenol., 13: 130, 1980 (1979). Basionym: Lecidea conglomerata Ach. - Lichenogr. Univ.: 201, 1810.
Synonyms: Lecidea artyta Ach.; Lecidea conglomerascens Nyl.; Lecidea glomerans Nyl.; Lecidea rugifera Vain.; Lecidea squalens Nyl.; Thalloidima conglomeratum (Ach.) A. Massal.; Toninia conglomerascens (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Toninia conglomerata (Ach.) Boistel; Toninia glomerans (Nyl.) Boistel; Toninia squalens (Nyl.) H. Olivier
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Hafellner 2000, Hertel & Schuhwerk 2010), Ven (Hertel & Schuhwerk 2010), TAA (Hertel & Schuhwerk 2010, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999). C - Abr.
Description: Thallus squamulose, heteromerous, rather loosely attached, often forming up to 4 cm wide, pulvinate patches. Squamules dispersed when young, later closely appressed, up to 5 mm wide, rounded, concave, olivaceous brown and shiny in the concave areas, pale grey to white and dull at margins, epruinose, the lower surface pale grey to medium brown. Upper cortex scleroplectenchymatous, of thick-walled, conglutinated hyphae, with strands extending into the medulla, covered by a thin epinecral layer; algal layer discontinuous; medulla plectenchymatous, of rather thin-walled, only weakly conglutinated hyphae, filled with crystals dissolving in K, I-; lower cortex hardly differentiated. Apothecia lecideine, often crowded into dense clusters, sessile, up to 1.5 mm across, shiny black, epruinose, with a flat to convex disc and a thin, often finally excluded proper margin. Proper exciple euthyplectenchymatous, olivaceous green in outer part, colourless within, of conglutinated, radiating hyphae, containing crystals dissolving in K; epithecium blue-green, with crystals; hymenium colourless, I+ blue; paraphyses conglutinated, sparingly branched and anastomosing, the apical cells not or only slightly swollen; hypothecium colourless to very pale brown, lacking crystals, I+ blue. Asci 8-spored, broadly clavate, with a well developed, amyloid tholus containing an ocular chamber and a broad axial mass, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled to rarely 1-septate, hyaline, narrowly ellipsoid, 9-18 x 4-6 µm. Pycnidia laminal, immersed, with a dark green to black ostiole. Conidia filiform, straight to curved, 12-20 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow turning red, C-, KC-, P+ orange. Chemistry: atranorin in cortex, norstictic acid in the medulla.
Note: a mainly arctic-alpine, circumpolar species found on steeply inclined to rain-sheltered surfaces of subacid to slightly basic siliceous rocks, often in fissures and cracks; most frequent above treeline in the Alps, where it reaches the nival belt, but also occurring in the Central Apennines.
Growth form: Squamulose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
In underhangs rarely wetted by rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rare
Subalpine belt: very rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38593



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34459)
2002/01/15



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34459)
2002/01/15



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 38600



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38593



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38525



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38525


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_P/Text_P_5/Psorinia_conglomerata.htm
France, 3/8/2013 - Lanslebourg-Mont-Cenis - Savoie - (73) - Petit Mont-Cenis sentier du lac Savine, alt. 2250 m - sur paroi verticale, calcifuge - dét. Juliette Asta