Ramalina dilacerata (Hoffm.) Hoffm.

Herb. Viv., Coll. Plant. Sicc. Ces. Univ. Mosquensis: 451, 1825. Basionym: Lobaria dilacerata Hoffm. - Deutschl. Fl., 2: 140, 1796.
Synonyms: Fistulariella dilacerata (Hoffm.) Bowler & Riefner; Fistulariella minuscula (Nyl.) Bowler & Rundel; Ramalina minuscula Nyl.
Distribution: N - Ven, TAA (Nascimbene & al. 2007b). C - Abr, Mol (Ravera & Genovesi 2012, Genovesi & Ravera 2014). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003), Bas (Ravera & al. 2015d).
Description: Thallus fruticose, pale yellowish green, to 1.5(-3) cm tall, erect to ascending, abundantly branched, firmly attached by a basal holdfast, forming shrubby, up to 2 cm wide tufts. Branches 0.3-1.5 wide, inflated and fistulose, pellucid when wet, with a few to numerous, small, elongate or rounded fenestrations. Cortex thin; medulla white, very lax, especially below the apothecia, with sparse hyphae forming discontinuous bundles of chondroid tissue. Apothecia frequent, lecanorine, with a greenish disc and a thin, smooth thalline margin, mostly subterminal on smaller branches, subtended by a short, pointed spur. Epithecium pale brownish-olive; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses thick-walled, richly branched in upper part. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass) never penetrating through the entire d-layer, the wall K/I-, but the thin outer gel K/I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, shortly fusiform, (9-)12-15 (-17) x 4-6(-7) µm. Photobiont: chlorococcoid. Spot tests: cortex K-, C-, KC- or KC+ pale yellow, P-, UV-; medulla always KC-. Chemistry: cortex with usnic acid; medulla with sekikaic acid (without homosekikaic and divaricatic acids).
Note: a cool-temperate to boreal-montane, probably circumpolar lichen found on twigs and branches of acid-barked trees (especially conifers) and more rarely on lignum in very humid situations, mostly in the montane and subalpine belts. For the earlier records from Southern Italy see Nimis (1993: 598). It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as “Vulnerable” (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: extremely rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Index Fungorum GBIF

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9499], USA, Washington, Lewis County: Randle. Along trail near Oliver Creek at bridge. Mixed stand of hardwood and conifers 20 years old along a small riparian area. On Alnus rubra bole. 46°32.783' N, 121°59.714' W, 1540 ft. Leg. Jim Riley 24.09.2001



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (33746)
2003/03/12



E. Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (27597)
2008.04.02



E. Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (27597)
2008.04.02



E. Pittao; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (33746)
2008.04.02


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9499], USA, Washington, Lewis County: Randle. Along trail near Oliver Creek at bridge. Mixed stand of hardwood and conifers 20 years old along a small riparian area. On Alnus rubra bole. 46°32.783' N, 121°59.714' W, 1540 ft. Leg. Jim Riley 24.09.2001



Pier Luigi Nimis - CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 44158