Ramalina subgeniculata Nyl.

Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, sér. 2, 4: 167, 1870.
Synonyms: Ramalina panizzei auct. non De Not.
Distribution: C - Tosc, Laz (Gigante & Petriccione 1995, Ravera 2002), Abr (Nascimbene & al. 2021), Sar (Zedda 2002, Rizzi & al. 2011, Di Nuzzo & al. 2022). S - Camp (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Nascimbene & al. 2010b, Garofalo & al. 2010, Brunialti & al. 2013), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Fascetti & al. 2006, Potenza 2006, Potenza & al. 2010), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, Ottonello 1996, Liistro & Cataldo 2011).
Description: Thallus fruticose, erect to subpendent, 1-5 cm high, rather firm, yellowish green to greenish white (often with blackened areas). Laciniae originating from a common basal holdfast, simple to richly branched, 0.5-3(-4) mm wide, usually compressed and more or less canaliculate, sometimes fenestrate, without pseudocyphellae. Cortex 2-layered, the outer part paraplectenchymatous, the inner part of cartilaginous chondroid strands; medulla white, lax, hollow at least in the terminal part of the laciniae. Apothecia common, lecanorine, 2-3.5(-4.5) mm across, apical or subapical, sometimes lateral, with a concave to flat, greenish disc, and a smooth thalline margin, often with a spur-like extension at the base. Epithecium pale olive; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses thick-walled, richly branched in upper part. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass) never penetrating through the entire d-layer, the wall K/I-, but the thin outer gel K/I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, hyaline, ellipsoid, 12-14(-16) x 4.5-6(-7) µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV+ white: apothecial margin often K+ red, P+ red. Chemistry: cortex with usnic acid; medulla with divaricatic acid; salazinic or protocetraric acid often present in the apothecial margin.
Note: a Mediterranean-Macaronesian species found on twigs of shrubs and young trees in warm-humid Mediterranean areas, generally near the coast, almost exclusively Tyrrhenian in Italy; the record from inland Basilicata, from a humid oak forest, is somehow surprising. It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens under the “Least Concern” category (Nascimbene & al. 2013c).
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples

Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (10514)
2001/12/07
detail of apothecium



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (10514)
2001/12/07



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[8551], Portugal,Madeira, Ribeiro Frio, unmittelbar an der Straße oberhalb des Rastplatzes, Nordhang mit Lorbeerwald, 32°44.072’ N, 16°53.230’ W, 903 m. Leg. et det. F. Schumm 14.04.2001, conf. A. Aptroot 2006


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9153], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, Chorros de Epina, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald, 28°09.830' N, 17°17.852 W, 750-850 m, an Ästen. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 10.02.2002, conf. A. Apotroot 2006.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9153], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, Chorros de Epina, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald, 28°09.830' N, 17°17.852 W, 750-850 m, an Ästen. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 10.02.2002, conf. A. Apotroot 2006.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9153], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, La Gomera, Chorros de Epina, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald, 28°09.830' N, 17°17.852 W, 750-850 m, an Ästen. Leg. et det. F. Schumm, 10.02.2002, conf. A. Apotroot 2006.


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9154], Spanien, Kanaren, La Gomera, Chorros de Epina, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald, 28°09.830' N, 17°17.852 W, 750-850 m, an Ästen. Leg et det. Schumm 10.02.2002


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[9154], Spanien, Kanaren, La Gomera, Chorros de Epina, zwischen Arure und Vallehermoso. Im Lorbeer-Erica Wald, 28°09.830' N, 17°17.852 W, 750-850 m, an Ästen. Leg et det. Schumm 10.02.2002


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12481], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569'N, 26°50.625'E, 780 m. Leg. F. Schumm, R. Düll, Wunder, 10.05.2006, conf. A. Aptroot 2007


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12481], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569'N, 26°50.625'E, 780 m. Leg. F. Schumm, R. Düll, Wunder, 10.05.2006, conf. A. Aptroot 2007


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12481], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569'N, 26°50.625'E, 780 m. Leg. F. Schumm, R. Düll, Wunder, 10.05.2006, conf. A. Aptroot 2007


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12481], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569'N, 26°50.625'E, 780 m. Leg. F. Schumm, R. Düll, Wunder, 10.05.2006, conf. A. Aptroot 2007


Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[12481], Griechenland, N-Samos, an den Sträßchen von Vourliotes zum Lazarou Massiv (Mt. Ambelos), 37°45.569'N, 26°50.625'E, 780 m. Leg. F. Schumm, R. Düll, Wunder, 10.05.2006, conf. A. Aptroot 2007



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.05



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[20967], Spain, Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife, peninsula Anaga, Las Mercedes, Uneltas de Tanagama, inter Roque de los Pasos et Tanagama, 450-850 m, in ramulis Ericae arboreae. Leg. T. Pócs (no 87202) & E. Farkas, 17.07.1987, det. E. Farkas. EX VEZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NO.2196.
us: usnic acid, p: protocetraric acid, u: unknown


Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Lanzarote, El Bosquecillo


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Portugal: Madeira. corticolous in Laurisilva


Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife


Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife