Rinodina oxydata (A. Massal.) A. Massal.

Geneac. Lich.: 19, 1854. Basionym: Mischoblastia oxydata A. Massal. - Ric. Auton. Lich. Crost.: 42, 1852.
Synonyms: Berengeria oxydata (A. Massal.) Trevis.; Buellia discolor (Hepp) Anzi; Buellia discolor var. candida (Arnold) Anzi; Buellia griseonigra (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Lecanora contribuens Nyl.; Lecanora discolorans (Arnold) Nyl.; Lecanora dissentanea Nyl.; Lecanora griseofusca Nyl.; Lecanora intuta Nyl.; Lecidea discolor Hepp; Rinodina aequalis (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Rinodina biatorina Körb.; Rinodina candida Arnold; Rinodina concava B. de Lesd.; Rinodina contribuens (Nyl.) Boistel; Rinodina discolor (Hepp) Arnold; Rinodina dissimilis Anzi; Rinodina griseofusca (Nyl.) H. Olivier; Rinodina griseonigra (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Rinodina imitatrix Zahlbr.; Rinodina intuta (Nyl.) H. Olivier; Rinodina lecideotropa (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; Rinodina oxydata var. squamulosa Bagl.; Rinodina subarenaria A.L. Sm.
Distribution: N - Ven (Lazzarin 2000b), TAA, Lomb (De Vita & Valcuvia 2004), Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Isocrono & al. 2008), Lig. C - Tosc (Ravera & al. 2019a), Sar (Rambold & al. 1994, Rizzi & al. 2011, Giordani & al. 2013).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, rather thin, smooth, rimose-areolate or areolate, sometimes delimited by a dark prothallus, the areoles up to 0.3-0.6 mm wide, flat, whitish, pale to dark grey or ochraceous, dull. Apothecia at first lecanorine and more or less immersed in thallus, becoming pseudolecanorine and adnate, 0.35-0.8 mm across, with a brown to black-brown (reddish brown when wet), usually flat disc, an entire, finally excluded thalline margin and a dark brown to black, persistent proper margin. Thalline exciple 40-60 µm wide, corticate; proper exciple colourless or more often with an blue-green pigment reacting K+ red and N+ reddish in outer part, c. 10 µm wide, expanding to c. 30 µm wide in upper part; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless, 70-110 µm high; paraphyses 2-3 µm wide at base, the apical cells 4.5-6.5 µm wide; hypothecium colourless, 40-100 µm high. Asci 8-spored, clavate, intermediate between the Lecanora- and the Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-septate, brown, broadly ellipsoid, (17-)19-23(-26) x (9-)10-12(-13) µm, Mischoblastia-type, rarely swollen at septum, the torus poorly developed, the walls lightly pigmented, faintly warted, with an ontogeny of type A (apical wall thickening after septum formation). Pycnidia immersed. Conidia bacilliform, 3-5 x 1-1.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P+ faintly yellow. Chemistry: cortex with atranorin.
Note: a temperate to tropical, widespread species known from from southern Africa, Asia, Australia, North and South America, Macaronesia and Europe, found on seepage tracks of (mostly) base-rich, hard, smooth metamorphic rocks, often along mountain creeks. The species is widespread in the Alps, but has been also reported from the Mediterranean mountains.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: rare
Submediterranean belt: very rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: very rare
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Harrie Sipman CC-BY-SA-NC - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/4060.html


Harrie Sipman - CC-BY-SA-NC - Source: http://www.tropicallichens.net/4060.html


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Textes_R/Rinodina_oxydata.htm
France, 10/10/2014 - Valle-di-Rostino, Pont de Muzille, alt. 161 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Textes_R/Rinodina_oxydata.htm
France, 10/10/2014 - Valle-di-Rostino, Pont de Muzille, alt. 161 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Textes_R/Rinodina_oxydata.htm
France, 10/10/2014 - Valle-di-Rostino, Pont de Muzille, alt. 161 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Textes_R/Rinodina_oxydata.htm
France, 10/10/2014 - Valle-di-Rostino, Pont de Muzille, alt. 161 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Textes_R/Rinodina_oxydata.htm
France, 10/10/2014 - Valle-di-Rostino, Pont de Muzille, alt. 161 m - Corse