Roccella phycopsis Ach.

Lichenogr. Univ.: 440, 1810.
Synonyms: Roccella fucoides (Neck.) Vain.; Roccella fucoides var. corticola Sambo; Roccella phycopsis var. cecilia-metella Rabenh. nom. nud.; Roccella pygmaea Durieu & Mont.
Distribution: N - Ven (Jatta 1909-1911), Lig (Giordani 2006b, Watson 2014). C - Tosc, Marc, Laz (Gigante & Petriccione 1995, Roccardi 2003, Genovesi & Ravera 2014b), Sar (Monte 1993, Nöske 2000, Zedda 2002, Rizzi & al. 2011, Neuwirth 2018). S - Camp, Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2011), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Nimis & al. 1994, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, Monte & Ferrari 1996, Ottonello & Romano 1997, Grillo 1998, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Ottonello & al. 2006a, 2011, Ottonello & Puntillo 2009).
Description: Thallus fruticose, shrubby, pale grey to brownish grey, sparsely and irregularly branched from a single holdfast, often forming extensive swards. Branches terete, to 8 cm long, smooth or wrinkled, sometimes sparsely pruinose, with conspicuous, white, globose-efflorescent soralia. Cortex of anticlinally arranged hyphae, arising from the outermost part of the medulla; medulla loose, orange or ochre-coloured in the basal holdfast, otherwise white. Apothecia extremely rare (not observed in Italian material), rounded to often deformed, with a black disc, without a thalline margin. Proper exciple thin; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless; paraphysoids sparingly branched and intertwined in upper part; hypothecium dark brown to black. Asci 8-spored, thick-walled, fissitunicate, with an internal beak and a small K/I+ blue ring in the thickened apex. Ascospores 3-septate, hyaline but turning pale brown when overmature, (14-)18-21(-23) x 4-6 µm, straight or slightly curved. Pycnidia black, immersed. Conidia thread-like, 12-17 x c. 1 µm, curved. Photobiont trentepohlioid. Spot tests: cortex K- or K+ yellowish red, C+ pink to red, P-; medulla and soralia K-, C-, P-, UV+ white. Chemistry: roccellic acid, erythrin and variable amounts of lecanoric acid.
Note: on a very wide variety of rocks, including brick walls, sometimes on littoral shrubs, in rather sheltered situations and in habitats subject to frequent, salt-laden, maritime winds. Very rare north of the Gargano Peninsula (Puglia), but extending northwards to Liguria along the Tyrrhenian coast. For nomenclatural matters see Tehler (2003).
Growth form: Fruticose

Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly asexual, by soredia, or soredia-like structures (e.g. blastidia)
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Taxon bound to maritime-coastal situations

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: common
Dry mediterranean belt: rather rare

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

0123

Altitudinal distribution:

123456


Predictive model
Herbarium samples


Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (17359)
2001/12/10



P.L.Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (38341)
2008.02.25



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03


Caterina Azara; Owner: Caterina Azara
Italy, Sardegna, Gallura
2010



A. Moro; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Sicilia, TP, Isola di Marettimo
2008.04.03



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[6788], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria; schroffe, nord-west exponierte, reich mit Roccella und Ramalina bewachsene Felswände an der Straße von San Nicolas nach Agaete; 28°01.140’ N, 15°47.130’ W, 360 m, an Felsen. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz, 02.01.2000



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[6788], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria; schroffe, nord-west exponierte, reich mit Roccella und Ramalina bewachsene Felswände an der Straße von San Nicolas nach Agaete; 28°01.140’ N, 15°47.130’ W, 360 m, an Felsen. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz, 02.01.2000



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[6788], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria; schroffe, nord-west exponierte, reich mit Roccella und Ramalina bewachsene Felswände an der Straße von San Nicolas nach Agaete; 28°01.140’ N, 15°47.130’ W, 360 m, an Felsen. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz, 02.01.2000



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[6788], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria; schroffe, nord-west exponierte, reich mit Roccella und Ramalina bewachsene Felswände an der Straße von San Nicolas nach Agaete; 28°01.140’ N, 15°47.130’ W, 360 m, an Felsen. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz, 02.01.2000



Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
[6788], Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria; schroffe, nord-west exponierte, reich mit Roccella und Ramalina bewachsene Felswände an der Straße von San Nicolas nach Agaete; 28°01.140’ N, 15°47.130’ W, 360 m, an Felsen. Leg. F. Schumm & U. Schwarz, 02.01.2000



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, zwischen Agaete und San Nicolás de Tolentino, nebelreicher west-exponierter Felsen mit viel Roccella und Ramalina; N 28°01.684', W 15°46.159', 526 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm 2007. [8154]



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, zwischen Agaete und San Nicolás de Tolentino, nebelreicher west-exponierter Felsen mit viel Roccella und Ramalina; N 28°01.684', W 15°46.159', 526 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm 2007. [8154]



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, zwischen Agaete und San Nicolás de Tolentino, nebelreicher west-exponierter Felsen mit viel Roccella und Ramalina; N 28°01.684', W 15°46.159', 526 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm 2007. [8154]



Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
Spanien, Kanarische Inseln, Gran Canaria, zwischen Agaete und San Nicolás de Tolentino, nebelreicher west-exponierter Felsen mit viel Roccella und Ramalina; N 28°01.684', W 15°46.159', 526 m. Leg. Schumm 28.12.2000, det. Schumm 2007. [8154]


Jennifer Fiorentino
Malta, Ta-Lippija, on calcareous rocks


Nere Sorrentino
Spain, South Atlantic coasts of Galicia
02.06.2020


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_R/Roccella_phycopsis.htm
France, 15/3/2014 - île de Cavallo, Bonifacio, alt. 29 m - Corse


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Crozon


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Plougasnou


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Primel


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Primel


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Primel


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Primel


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Ouessant


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Ouessant
fertile


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Ouessant
fertile


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Ouessant
fertile


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Toulinguet


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, St. Jean
corticolous


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plougastel
corticolous


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
France, Corse, Citadelle de Bonifacio


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
France, Corse, Citadelle de Bonifacio


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
Greece, Mykonos


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
Greece, Mykonos


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
Greece, Mykonos


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
Greece, Mykonos


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant


Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1217&lang=en
France, Ile du Levant


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plonevez Porzay
corticolous


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plougastel
corticolous


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=956&lang=en
France, Plougastel
corticolous


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=54&lang=en
France, Camaret


Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; SW of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock)


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.


Marta Gonzalez Garcia - Centro de Estudios Micologicos Asturianos
Spain, Playa de la Franca (Ribadedeva-Asturias), 30-IX-2023, en los acantilados marítimos, leg. & det. M. González.