Scytinium palmatum (Huds.) Gray
Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl., 1: 398, 1821. Basionym: Lichen palmatus Huds. - Fl. Angl., ed 2: 536, 1778.
Synonyms: Collema corniculatum Hoffm.; Collema palmatum (Huds.) Ach.; Leptogium corniculatum (Hoffm.) Minks; Leptogium palmatum (Huds.) Mont.; Obryzum corniculatum auct. ital.
Distribution: N - Ven, TAA, Lig. C - Tosc, Laz, Mol (Garofalo & al. 1999, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Nöske 2000). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl (Garofalo & al. 1999), Bas (Ravera & al. 2019b), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004), Si (Grillo 1998, Czeczuga & al. 1999, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Iacolino & Ottonello 2006, Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus foliose to subfruticose, subgelatinous when wet, brown to olive-green, smooth to faintly longitudinally wrinkled, somehow shiny especially at the tips of lobes, loosely attached, forming loose, up to 4(-7) cm wide tufts, or growing amongst mosses. Lobes 3-8 mm broad, up to 3(-5) cm long, 50-100 µm thick, ascending to erect, canaliculate to subtubular, the revolute margins curling inward, especially in upper part, usually with antler-like tips. Upper and lower pseudocortex composed of a 1-2 layers of angular cells, the layer inbetween of intertwined hyphae and loosely arranged chains of Nostoc. Apothecia rare, lecanorine, sessile, strongly constricted at base, up to 0.8(-1) mm across, with a brown, concave to flat, smooth disc and a thin, often wrinkled thalline margin. Thalline exciple speudocrticate; proper exciple euparaplectenchymatous, 12-65 µm thick laterally; epithecium pale brown; hymenium colourless, 125-300 µm high, I+ blue; paraphyses coherent, mostly simple, c. 1 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells slightly swollen; hypothecium colourless to pale yellow, 25-50 µm high. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate, the apex strongly thickened, the apical dome K/I+ pale blue, with a downwardly projecting K/I+ deep blue tubular structure. Ascospores submuriform to muriform, with 5-7(-9) transverse septa and 1-2 longitudinal septa, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid to subfusiform, 22-45(-56) x 10-17(-20) µm, thin-walled. Photobiont cyanobacterial (Nostoc, the cells in chains). Spot tests: all negative. Chemistry: without lichen substances. Note: a mild-temperate lichen found amongst terricolous or epilithic mosses in areas with siliceous substrata, sometimes on soil; mainly Tyrrhenian in Italy.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9746)
2001/11/26
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9746)
2001/11/26
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain; altitude: 1900 m.
Herbarium: Forum Natura Mediterraneo
2011
Nere Sorrentino
Nere Sorrentino
Giovanna Potenza
Italy, Basilicata, Ciglio
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2361], Italia. Sardinia. Distr. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte
Arcosu, in valle rivi prope domum forestalem "Casa Perdu Melis",
500 m. Ad terram supra muscos. Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux, M.
Tretjak & A. V zda, 28.08.1989. - EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI
EXSICCATI NR. 2361.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2361], Italia. Sardinia. Distr. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte
Arcosu, in valle rivi prope domum forestalem "Casa Perdu Melis",
500 m. Ad terram supra muscos. Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux, M.
Tretjak & A. V zda, 28.08.1989. - EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI
EXSICCATI NR. 2361.
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Italy, Scilia, Madonie
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las
Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda,
05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: cyanobacteria, filamentous (e.g. Nostoc, Scytonema)
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
INDEX FUNGORUM
GBIF
DOLICHENS
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9746)
2001/11/26
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (9746)
2001/11/26
Antonio Valero; Owner: Antonio Valero
Spain; altitude: 1900 m.
Herbarium: Forum Natura Mediterraneo
2011
Nere Sorrentino
Nere Sorrentino
Giovanna Potenza
Italy, Basilicata, Ciglio
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Scytinium_palmatum.htm
France, 28/04/2011 - Cucuruzzu - Corse
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
Ulrich Kirschbaum CC BY-SA 4.0 - Source: https://www.thm.de/lse/ulrich-kirschbaum/flechtenbilder
Portugal: Madeira.
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2361], Italia. Sardinia. Distr. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte Arcosu, in valle rivi prope domum forestalem "Casa Perdu Melis", 500 m. Ad terram supra muscos. Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux, M. Tretjak & A. V zda, 28.08.1989. - EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2361.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZ2361], Italia. Sardinia. Distr. Cagliari: reservatum naturae Monte Arcosu, in valle rivi prope domum forestalem "Casa Perdu Melis", 500 m. Ad terram supra muscos. Leg. P. L. Nimis, C. Roux, M. Tretjak & A. V zda, 28.08.1989. - EX A. V ZDA: LICHENES SELECTI EXSICCATI NR. 2361.
Wolfgang von Brackel - CC BY-4.0
Italy, Scilia, Madonie
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[VZR121], Insulae Canarienses, Tenerife. Las Montañas de Anaga, Las Mercedes, 800-900 m. Ad terram in fossis viae. Leg. et det. A. Vezda, 05.03.1994. - EX A. VEZDA: LICHENES RARIORES EXSICCATI NR. 121
