Solorina bispora Nyl. subsp. bispora

Syn. Lich.: 331, 1860.
Synonyms:
Distribution: N - Frl (Tretiach & Molaro 2007), Ven (Nimis 1994, Nascimbene & Caniglia 1997, 2003c, Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene 2008c), TAA (Nascimbene 2008b, Lang 2009, Bilovitz & al. 2014b, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb, Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Isocrono & al. 2004, Hafellner & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Emil (Fariselli & al. 2020). C - Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Brackel 2015, Di Nuzzo & al. 2021, Gheza & al. 2021, Vallese & al. 2022), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Caporale & al. 2008). S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b).
Description: Thallus small-foliose to subcrustose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, 5-10 mm wide, consisting of small lobes surrounded by a granular-microsquamulose dark thallus with cyanobacteria. Lobes rounded or irregular, flattened, smooth, poorly developed, the upper surface pale greyish-green, sometimes tinged brown, often white-pruinose, bright green when wet, the lower surface white, indistinctly veined, tomentose, with scattered, pale rhizines. Upper cortex paraplectenchymatous, lower cortex absent; medulla white, often hosting internal cephalodia which are visible from the lower side as dark spots; in some speciments the cephalodia may be external. Apothecia frequent, semi-immersed, 2-5 mm across, with a brown to brown-black, concave disc, without a thalline margin. Proper exciple poorly developed; epithecium brownish; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses coherent, not anastomosing, simple, not apically thickened. Asci 2-spored, clavate, fissitunicate, the apex of the endoascus with a K/I+ blue ring-shaped structure, Peltigera-type. Ascospores 1-septate, constricted at septum, dark brown, ellipsoid to broadly fusiform, 60-105 x 25-60 μm, with a thick, reticulately ornamented wall. Photobiont chlorococcoid (Coccomyxa), Nostoc in the internal cephalodia. Spot tests: upper cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: without lichen substances.
Note: an arctic-alpine, circumpolar lichen found on humid soil rich in humus with a long snow-lie, with optimum above treeline; common only in the Alps, but extending along the Apennines to the mountains of Southern Italy. Some records could refer to subsp. macrospora.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: soil, terricolous mosses, and plant debris
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: very common
Subalpine belt: rather common
Oromediterranean belt: extremely rare
Montane belt: extremely rare
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF


P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38531



Curtis Randall Björk, - CC BY-SA 4.0
Near Hope Bay, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Canadaries, CanadaIsland, British Columbia, Canada
19.07.2014



Curtis Randall Björk, - CC BY-SA 4.0
Sugarbowl-Grizzly Den Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada
August 2017
as v. tilesii



Pier Luigi Nimis CC BY-SA 4.0
TSB 41709



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38531



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (8822)
2001/11/30



P.L. Nimis CC BY-SA 04
TSB 38531


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Solorina_bispora_ext.htm
France, 25/06/2015 - Bonneval-sur-Arc - Savoie
morpho. céphalodies externes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Solorina_bispora_ext.htm
France, 25/06/2015 - Bonneval-sur-Arc - Savoie
morpho. céphalodies externes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Solorina_bispora_ext.htm
France, 25/06/2015 - Bonneval-sur-Arc - Savoie
morpho. céphalodies externes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Solorina_bispora_ext.htm
France, 25/06/2015 - Bonneval-sur-Arc - Savoie
morpho. céphalodies externes


Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_S/Text_S2/Solorina_bispora_ext.htm
France, 25/06/2015 - Bonneval-sur-Arc - Savoie
morpho. céphalodies externes


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras


Jacques Haine - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=1338&lang=en
France, Queyras