Bacidia fraxinea Lönnr.

Flora, 41: 612, 1858.
Synonyms: Bacidia fallax (Körb.) Lettau; Bacidia rubella var. fallax Körb.
Distribution: N - Lig (Giordani & al. 2025). C - Tosc (Frati & al. 2006b, Stofer 2006), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Laz (Bartoli & al. 1997, Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Ravera 2006c), Abr (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2016), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008, Ravera & Genovesi 2010, Ravera & al. 2010, Brackel 2020, Caporale & Ravera 2020), Sar. S - Camp (Aprile & al. 2003b, Garofalo & al. 2010), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Ottonello & Salone 1994, Grillo & al. 2002, 2007b, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Merlo 2004b).
Description: Thallus crustose, episubstratic, continuous to usually rimose-areolate, grey-green. Apothecia lecideine, 0.6-1.5 mm across, pinkish orange to orange-brown, rarely dark brown when old, epruinose or rarely white-pruinose, with an initially flat, later convex disc, and a smooth proper margin. Proper exciple straw-coloured to pale orange, or brownish orange in outer part, of radiating hyphae with gelatinized walls and 0.5-2 µm wide lumina, sometimes with radiating clusters of minute crystals soluble in N but not in K; epithecium more or less colourless, poorly evident; hymenium colourless to straw-coloured, 75-100 µm high; paraphyses mostly simple, 1-1.5 µm thick at mid-level, the apical cells slightly swollen; hypothecium straw-coloured, always somewhat darker than hymenium. Asci 8-spored, clavate to cylindrical-clavate, the apical dome K/I+ dark blue with a pale, conical-pointed apical cushion (axial mass), the wall I-, but the thin outer gel I+ blue, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 7-15-septate, hyaline, needle-like, straight to sigmoid, (45-)50-85(-110) x (2.5-)2.6-3.5(-4.3) µm. Pycnidia immersed, pale orange-brown in upper part. Conidia simple, curved, 10-21 x 0.6-0.8 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K- or K+ yellowish brown, C-, KC-, P-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances or with traces of atranorin; apothecia with the Rubella-orange pigment.
Note: a mild-temperate, probably Mediterranean-Atlantic lichen found on deciduous trees, especially Acer, in open, humid deciduous woodlands; mainly Tyrrhenian in Italy. Some earlier records from Latium (Castelporziano, see Nimis 1993: 110) and the Island of Marettimo in Sicily (Nimis & al. 1994) refer to B. tyrrhenica.
Growth form: Crustose
Substrata: bark
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Most common in areas with a humid-warm climate (e.g. most of Tyrrenian Italy)

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent
Subalpine belt: absent
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: very rare
Submediterranean belt: extremely rare
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: rare
Humid mediterranean belt: very rare
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
INDEX FUNGORUM GBIF DOLICHENS

Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php (Courtesy: Anita Stridvall)



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (23029)
2001/12/12


Andres Saag; Owner: University of Tartu


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/
Courtesy: Anita Stridvall



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[FA33], Bulgaria. Burgas Province, Malko. Tarnovo Municipality, Standzha Mts. Paroria reserve, ca. 2.2 km NE of Petrovaniva, on bark (Acer campestre). Lat.: 42°4'45.2'' N; Long.: 27°32'26.6'' E, 120 m. Leg. L. Lökös, 36.2009, det. E. Farkas and L. Lökös. EX E. FARKAS LICHENES DELICATI NR. 33.



Felix Schumm - CC BY 4.0
[FA33], Bulgaria. Burgas Province, Malko. Tarnovo Municipality, Standzha Mts. Paroria reserve, ca. 2.2 km NE of Petrovaniva, on bark (Acer campestre). Lat.: 42°4'45.2'' N; Long.: 27°32'26.6'' E, 120 m. Leg. L. Lökös, 36.2009, det. E. Farkas and L. Lökös. EX E. FARKAS LICHENES DELICATI NR. 33.