ITALIC 8.0

Toninia cinereovirens (Schaer.) A. Massal.

Ric. Auton. Lich. Crost.: 107, 1852. Basionym: Lecidea cinereovirens Schaer. - Lich. Helv. Spicil., 3: 109, 1828.

Synonyms: Bilimbia cinereovirens (Schaer.) Jatta; Bilimbia fallasca (A. Massal.) Jatta; Bilimbia nigrescens (Anzi) Jatta; Toninia fallasca A. Massal.; Toninia nigrescens Anzi; Toninia olivaceoatra H. Magn.; Toninia potieri Maheu & Werner; Toninia sbarbaronis B. de Lesd.

Distribution: N - VG, Ven (Lazzarin 2000b), TAA, Lomb, Piem (Isocrono & al. 2004, Morisi 2005), VA (Piervittori & Isocrono 1999), Lig (Valcuvia & al. 2000). C - Tosc, Laz (Genovesi & al. 2011, 2011b), Abr (Caporale & al. 2016), Sar (Rizzi & al. 2011). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, Ricciardi & al. 2000), Cal (Puntillo 1996), Si (Caniglia & Grillo 2001, Grillo & Caniglia 2004).

Description: Thallus squamulose, forming irregular, up to 4 cm wide patches, the squamules brown to dark brown, sometimes with a dark grey margin, epruinose, dull to somewhat shiny, up to 3 mm wide, weakly concave to convex, contiguous to slightly imbricate, often deeply lobed, the cortex sometimes with shallow fissures; lower surface brown. Upper cortex 60-100 μm thick, including an up to 40 μm thick epinecral layer lacking crystals; medulla white, lacking crystals; lower cortex poorly developed. Apothecia frequent, lecideine, sessile, flat to convex, 0.7-1 mm across, black, but sometimes faintly pruinose on disc. Proper exciple colourless in inner part, dark brown in outer part, K-, N-; epithecium olivaceous brown to blue-green, K-, N+ violet; hymenium colourless, 60-70 μm high; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched and anastomosing, not conglutinated, the apical cell distinctly swollen and covered by a gelatinous pigment cap; hypothecium pale brown to colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, surrounded by a gelatinous I+ blue coat, with a well-developed I+ blue tholus, a I+ darker blue tube and a well-developed ocular chamber, Bacidia-type. Ascospores 1-3-septate, hyaline, ellipsoid to bacilliform, 13-32 x 3-4.5 μm. Pycnidia partly projecting with a black ostiole. Conidia filiform. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: thallus K-, C-, KC-, P-, UV-. Chemistry: thallus without lichen substances.

Note: a mainly southern, perhaps incompletely holarctic species found on steeply inclined, somehow weathered faces of calciferous and basic siliceous rocks with some seepage of water after rain, often in rock fissures and on colonies of cyanobacteria.

Growth form: Squamulose

Substrata: rocks

Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia

Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Subcontinental: restricted to areas with a dry-subcontinental climate (e.g. dry Alpine valleys, parts of Mediterranean Italy)

On otherwise dry surfaces with short periods of water seepage after rain

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: absent

Subalpine belt: extremely rare

Oromediterranean belt: absent

Montane belt: rather rare

Submediterranean belt: rare

Padanian area: absent

Humid submediterranean belt: rather rare

Humid mediterranean belt: rare

Dry mediterranean belt: rare

pH of the substrata:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Solar irradiation:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Aridity:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Eutrophication:

1

2

3

4

5

(info)

Poleotolerance:

0

1

2

3

(info)

Altitudinal distribution:

1

2

3

4

5

6

(info)

Predictive model

Herbarium samples

Index Fungorum GBIF

Einar Timdal http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html CC BY-NC

P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste

Herbarium: TSB (13195)
2001/12/01

Einar Timdal - Source: http://nhm2.uio.no/lav/web/index.html - CC BY-NC