Umbilicaria proboscidea (L.) Schrad.

Spicil. Fl. Germ., 1: 103, 1794. Basionym: Lichen proboscideus L. - Sp. Pl., 2: 1150, 1753.
Synonyms: Gyrophora polymorpha var. proboscidea (L.) Schaer.; Gyrophora proboscidea (L.) Ach.
Distribution: N - TAA (Nascimbene 2003, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb, Piem (Tretiach 1993, Isocrono & al. 2004), VA (Piervittori & al. 1998, Piervittori & Isocrono 1999, Watson 2014).
Description: Thallus foliose-umbilicate, heteromerous, dorsiventral, monophyllous, thin and fragile, strongly adpressed, orbicular or elliptic in outline, 2-5(-8) cm diam., with lacerate, shallowly incised, slightly up-turned margins, attached by a central holdfast. Upper surface dark brown to black, dull, with a reticulate pattern of ridges over the umbilicus, fading to vermiform ridges toward the margins, the central umbo raised and often white-pruinose. Lower surface pale brown, darker toward margins, even or with shallow depression around umbilicus, usually erhizinate or rarely with a few simple or sparsely branched rhizinomorphs; thalloconidia absent. Upper cortex 8-16 µm thick: medulla white, loose; lower cortex paraplectenchymatous, 14-24 µm thick. Apothecia rather rare, black, gyrodisc, sessile, to 1.5 mm across. Epithecium brown-black; hymenium colourless; paraphyses simple or sparingly branched, the terminal cells hardly swollen; hypothecium dark. Asci 8-spored, clavate, thick-walled, with an amyloid apical dome, Umbilicaria-type. Ascospores 1-celled hyaline, ovoid, (10-)12-15(-17) x (3.5-)5-7.5 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: medulla K- or K+ yellow turning red, C+ red, KC+ red, P- or P+ faintly yellow. Chemistry: medulla with variable amounts of norstictic acid, plus gyrophoric and lecanoric acids.
Note: a mainly arctic-alpine, circumpolar lichen found on siliceous rocks, often on small boulders, ecologically similar to U. cylindrica, but with a narrower range, with optimum in colder and less continental areas above treeline.
Growth form: Foliose, umbilicate
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual

Commonnes-rarity: (info)

Alpine belt: rather common
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: absent
Montane belt: absent
Submediterranean belt: absent
Padanian area: absent
Humid submediterranean belt: absent
Humid mediterranean belt: absent
Dry mediterranean belt: absent

pH of the substrata:

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Solar irradiation:

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Aridity:

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Eutrophication:

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Poleotolerance:

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Altitudinal distribution:

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Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Index Fungorum GBIF

Leif Stridvall - Courtesy: Anita Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/lichens/gallery/



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14270)
2003/03/17
lower surface



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14270)
2003/03/17



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14270)
2003/03/17
apothecium



P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (11076)
2001/12/05



Curtis Randall Björk, - CC BY-SA 4.0
Sugarbowl-Grizzly Den Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada
September 2017


Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php


Mark Rahill - CC BY-SA 4.0
USA


Frey E. 1933. Cladoniaceae (unter Ausschluß ded Gattung Cladonia) und Umbilicariaceae. In: Rabenhrst’s Kryptogamenflora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. 15: 1-208.


Zahlbruckner A. 1926. Lichenes (Flechten). In: Engler A. (ed.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2nd ed., vol 8, W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 270 pp.


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Norge: Scandes.


Ulrich Kirschbaum
Norge: Scandes.