Xanthoparmelia pulla (Ach.) O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Elix, D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch
Taxon, 53: 970, 2004. Basionym: Parmelia pulla Ach. - Syn. Meth. Lich.: 206, 1814.
Synonyms: Imbricaria dendritica auct. ital. p.p.; Neofuscelia pulla (Ach.) Essl.; Parmelia olivacea var. saxicola auct. ital.; Parmelia prolixa (Ach.) Röhl.; Parmelia subprolixa Nyl. ex Kremp.
Distribution: N - VG (Castello 2002, Martellos & Castello 2004), Frl, Ven (Caniglia & al. 1999, Nascimbene 2008), TAA (Giordani & al. 2003, Nascimbene 2001b, 2005b 2006c, 2008b, Nascimbene & al. 2022), Lomb (Giordani & al. 2003, Valcuvia & al. 2003, Dalle Vedove & al. 2004, De Vita & Valcuvia 2004, Gheza 2019b), Piem (Morisi & Sereno 1995, Clerc & al. 1999, Isocrono & Falletti 1999, Isocrono & al. 2003, 2004, Favero-Longo & al. 2004, 2005, 2006b, Isocrono & Piervittori 2008), VA (Borlandelli & al. 1996, Piervittori & Isocrono 1997, 1999, Piervittori & al. 1998, 2001, Revel & al. 2001, Matteucci & al. 2015c), Emil (Giordani & al. 2003, Fariselli & al. 2020), Lig (Brunialti & al. 1999, Giordani & al. 2003, Rizzi & al. 2006). C - Tosc (Benesperi 2000a, Giordani & al. 2003, Tretiach & al. 2008, Lastrucci & al. 2009), Umb (Genovesi & Ravera 2001, Panfili 2003, Ravera & al. 2006), Marc (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Laz (Gigante & Petriccione 1995, Giordani & al. 2003, Zucconi & al. 2013), Abr (Recchia & Villa 1996), Mol (Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Caporale & al. 2008), Sar (Monte 1993, Zedda 1995, 2002, 2002b, Nöske 2000, Giordani & al. 2003, 2013, Rizzi & al. 2011, Cossu & al. 2015, Neuwirth 2018). S - Camp (Garofalo & al. 1999, Aprile & al. 2002, Giordani & al. 2003. Nimis & Tretiach 2004, Catalano & al. 2016), Pugl (Nimis & Tretiach 1999), Bas (Bartoli & Puntillo 1998, Nimis & Tretiach 1999, Giordani & al. 2003), Cal (Puntillo 1996, Giordani & al. 2003, Puntillo & Puntillo 2004, 2015b, Scarciglia & al. 2007, 2012, 2012b, Brackel & Puntillo 2016), Si (Czeczuga & al. 1994, 1999, Ottonello & Salone 1994, Ottonello & al. 1994, 2011, Poli & al. 1995, Ottonello 1995, 1996, Nimis & al. 1996b, Grillo & al. 1996, 1996b, Ottonello & Romano 1997, Schicchi & al. 1997, Grillo 1998, Grasso & al. 1999, Poli & Grillo 2000, Giordani & al. 2003, Merlo 2004, 2004b, Grillo & Caniglia 2004, Brackel 2008b, 2008c, Cataldo & Cannavò 2014, Puglisi & Cataldo 2019, Campisi & al. 2020).
Description: Thallus foliose, heteromerous, dorsiventral, adpressed to adnate, forming up to 15 cm wide, often coalescing rosettes. Lobes elongate, 1-3 mm wide, radiating toward margins, flat to convex, occasionally pruinose, weakly maculate at tips, the upper surface brown to dark brown, uneven and rugose, the lower surface black, with simple rhizines. Upper cortex brown, paraplectenchymatous, with a pored epicortex, the cell walls with Xanthoparmelia-type lichenan; medulla white; lower cortex paraplectenchymtous. Apothecia usually numerous, lecanorine, sessile to stipitate, to 6 mm across, with a brown disc and a smooth thalline margin. Epithecium brown; hymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses simple; hypothecium colourless. Asci 8-spored, clavate, the K/I+ blue tholus penetrated by a faintly amyloid apical cushion with parallel or diverging flanks, the wall K/I-, surrounded by a K/I+ blue outer layer, Lecanora-type. Ascospores 1-celled, hyaline, ellipsoid, 8-11 x 4-7 µm. Pycnidia common, immersed. Conidia weakly dumbbell-shaped, 4.5-7 x c. 1 µm. Photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot tests: upper cortex K-, C-, KC-, P-, N+ blue-green; medulla K-, C- or C+ pink to red, KC+ pink to red, P-, UV-. Chemistry: medulla with stenosporic acid (major), oxostenosporic, divaricatic and perlatolic acids (minor), and numerous other accessory compounds.
Note: a mainly temperate to Mediterranean species found on exposed siliceous rocks, including pebbles, exceptionally also on limestone, with a broad, but mainly Tyrrhenian distribution in Italy. Some records could refer to other, morphologically similar but chemically different taxa.
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: extremely rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: rather common
Montane belt: common
Submediterranean belt: very common
Padanian area: rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely common
Dry mediterranean belt: very common
Predictive model
Herbarium samples
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14052)
2001/12/05
detail of apothecia
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34629)
2002/01/22
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Plomodiern
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Plomodiern
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Porspoder
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Porspoder
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife
K-, C-, P-
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife
K-, C-, P-
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife
K-, C-, P-
Growth form: Foliose, broad lobed
Substrata: rocks
Photobiont: green algae other than Trentepohlia
Reproductive strategy: mainly sexual
Commonnes-rarity: (info)
Alpine belt: extremely rare
Subalpine belt: rare
Oromediterranean belt: rather common
Montane belt: common
Submediterranean belt: very common
Padanian area: rare
Humid submediterranean belt: extremely common
Humid mediterranean belt: extremely common
Dry mediterranean belt: very common
Predictive model
| Herbarium samples |
Index Fungorum
GBIF
Bernard Bouffinier - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Pointe de Pen-Hir
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (14052)
2001/12/05
detail of apothecia
P.L. Nimis; Owner: Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
Herbarium: TSB (34629)
2002/01/22
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[16015], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Black Mountains Reserve. 35,276° S, 149,094° E, 760 m, growing on rocks. Leg. J.A. Elix, F. Schumm & E. Stocker-Wörgötter, 07.11.2009, det. J.A. Elix.
Stenosporic acid
Felix Schumm – CC BY-SA 4.0
Image from: F. Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren. Beck, OHG - ISBN: 978-3-00-023700-3
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Felix Schumm - CC BY-SA 4.0
[19085], Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Gudgenby River Gorge, 4.5 km south of Tharwa, 35°34' S, 149°04' E, 620 m, growing over mosses and on sheltered granite rocks along the river bank. Leg. J.A. Elix (10906), 10.04.1983. LICH. AUSTRALASICI EXS. NO. 040.
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Courtesy Danièle et Olivier Gonnet - Source: https://www.afl-lichenologie.fr/Photos_AFL/Photos_AFL_X/Xanthoparmelia_pulla.htm
France, session AFL 2010 - sur gneiss - Hérault
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Beg ar Meinou
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerdreux
Leif Stridvall - Source: http://www.stridvall.se/la/galleries.php
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Plomodiern
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Plomodiern
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Porspoder
Joël Querellou - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Porspoder
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h
Michel David - Source: http://www.lichensmaritimes.org/index.php?task=fiche&lichen=61&lang=en
France, Kerloc'h
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife
K-, C-, P-
Manuel Gil
Spain, Canary Islands, Tenerife
K-, C-, P-
